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Snow Cover Dynamics and Mass Balance on Mountain Glaciers

山地冰川的积雪动力学和质量平衡

基本信息

批准号：
404806886
负责人：
Professor Dr. Tobias Sauter
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Klimageographie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/404806886?language=en
关键词：
Snow Cover Dynamics Mass Balance

项目摘要

Glaciers contribute to sea level rise and to local and regional water supply. Moreover, they are highly evident indicators of climatechange. Mountain glaciers and their mass changes are particularly difficult to measure and to detect, mostly for inconvenient logistical circumstances. As a result, only from few glaciers we have annually reported bulk mass balance information from which researchers extrapolate to larger and unobserved regions with considerable uncertainties. This unsatisfying situation can be substantially improved when analyzing the mass and energy fluxes that drive glacier changes using (spatially) distributed modeling at high temporal resolution. The largest unknown to be overcome is the development of the snow cover from precipitation to wind induced redistribution and densification and, finally, its degradation. The seasonal duration of the snow cover depends on these processes and, through its high reflectivity against sunshine, dominates the wellbeing of a glacier. Theory and understanding of processes is well advanced and models are ready to be tested and used, yet respective measurements are missing. We will combine the expertise of our team members from the Universities of Innsbruck, Erlangen-Nuremberg and Saskatchewan with the logistically suitable, data rich, and well equipped Hintereisferner in the Ötztal Alps, Austria, for developing and calibrating the model tools that can push mass balance studies a large step forward in glaciology. We aim at reducing the uncertainties in estimating sea level rise and regional water supply and at obtaining a research tool that allows us to understand glacier-climate interactions in the full complexity of diverse mountain glacier settings all around the world.

冰川促进了海平面上升以及当地和区域的供水。此外，它们是气候变化的非常明显的指标。山地冰川及其质量变化特别难以测量和探测，主要是由于后勤条件不方便。因此，我们每年只从少数几个冰川中报告了大量的质量平衡信息，研究人员从中推断出更大的、未观测到的、具有相当不确定性的区域。当使用高时间分辨率的（空间）分布式模拟分析驱动冰川变化的质量和能量通量时，这种不满意的情况可以大大改善。需要克服的最大的未知是积雪从降水到风引起的再分布和致密化的发展，最后是其退化。积雪的季节性持续时间取决于这些过程，并且通过其对阳光的高反射率，主导着冰川的健康。对过程的理论和理解是非常先进的，模型已经准备好进行测试和使用，但是各自的测量是缺失的。我们将把来自因斯布鲁克大学、埃尔兰根-纽伦堡大学和萨斯喀彻温大学的团队成员的专业知识与奥地利Ötztal阿尔卑斯山脉的后勤适宜、数据丰富、装备精良的Hintereisferner相结合，开发和校准模型工具，推动冰川学的质量平衡研究向前迈出一大步。我们的目标是减少估算海平面上升和区域供水的不确定性，并获得一种研究工具，使我们能够了解世界各地不同山地冰川环境中冰川-气候相互作用的全部复杂性。