Dispersive readout of the electrons on Helium Rydberg state with the Landau levels

在我的研究中，我用一个含有超流氦和电子的实验室进行了低温实验。研究了微波辐射在不同磁场下的透射，用光谱方法观察了电子的朗道能级，并证明了倾斜磁场下里德伯态与朗道频率能级的相互作用，使电子回旋频率的共振峰分裂。这种分裂的独特之处在于，电子的朗道跃迁频率（可被视为谐振子）取决于里德伯态（其中两个最低态可被用作量子比特）。结果，通过对回旋共振频率（4-8 GHz）的检测，证明了在150 GHz附近的电子里德堡态（Rydberg state）的色散读出的可能性。此外，利用Rabi模型，建立了描述色散区中朗道能级与腔光子之间的超强耦合的理论模型。该模型还包括系统中所有级别的混合的详细描述。该模型的有效性通过大量的计算机模拟得到了证实。

In my research, I conducted cryogenic experiments with an experimental cell containing superfluid helium and electrons. I studied microwave radiation transmission through the cell under different magnetic fields and observed the Landau levels of electrons spectroscopically.I also demonstrated the interaction between Rydberg states and Landau frequency levels under a tilted magnetic field, which split the resonant peak of the electron cyclotron frequency. The unique feature of this splitting is that the Landau transition frequency (which can be treated as a harmonic resonator) of the electron depends on the Rydberg state (the two lowest states of which can be used as qubits). As a result, I demonstrated the possibility of dispersive readout of the electron's Rydberg state (at approximately 150 GHz) through the detection of the cyclotron resonance frequency (at frequencies of 4-8 GHz).Additionally, I developed a theoretical model describing the ultrastrong coupling between the Landau levels and the cavity photons in the dispersion regime, using the Rabi model. The model also includes a detailed description of the hybridization of all levels in the system. The validity of this model was confirmed through extensive computer simulations.