Photogrammetric high resolution methods for nested parametrisation and validation of a physical-based soil erosion model

该项目的主要目标是通过摄影测量和优化技术以及不同比例尺的基于物理的侵蚀建模方法模拟土壤侵蚀。常见的基于过程的土壤侵蚀建模方法仅在确定参数的尺度上有效。由于侵蚀过程的复杂性、多变性和不连续性，向其他时间和空间尺度的可移植性受到限制。因此，所观察到的现象（细沟侵蚀或有轨电车线路中的集中流）甚至没有被复杂的模型方法所覆盖或仅被初步覆盖。摄影测量（例如参考热图像和3D表面重建方法）允许以一致的程序观察不同过程尺度的地表径流和土壤表面的变化。侵蚀过程造成的土壤流失可利用摄影测量数据加以验证。基于物理的侵蚀模型不仅可以验证，而且还可以通过随机方法参数化，因为具有高空间和时间分辨率的3D模型具有很大的信息密度。此外，摄影测量观测（RGB和热）允许高分辨率的过程歧视（飞溅，片和细沟侵蚀，颗粒运输和沉积）。因此，实施适应模型方法模拟尺度相关的过程（例如，单独考虑片和细沟流）是可能的，并使一个全新的观察泥沙输运的相互连接以及事件频率和事件大小之间的关系。

The main objective of the project is the simulation of soil erosion by means of photogrammetric measurements and optimisation techniques as well as physically-based erosion modelling approaches on different scales. Common process based soil erosion modelling approaches are only valid on the scale at which parameters are identified. Due to the complexity, variability and discontinuity of erosion processes a transferability to other temporal and spatial scales is limited. Hence, observed phenomena (rill erosion or concentrated flow in tram lines) are not or only rudimentary covered even by complex model approaches. Photogrammetric measurements (e.g. referenced thermal images and 3D surface reconstruction methods) allow the observation of surface runoff and the altering of the soil surface across different process scales with a consistent procedure. Soil losses resulting from erosion processes can be validated using photogrammetric data. Physically based erosion models can not only be validated but also parameterised by means of stochastic approaches due to the great information density of 3D-models with high spatial and temporal resolution. Additionally, photogrammetric observations (RGB and thermal) allow for highly resolved process discrimination (splash-, sheet- and rill erosion, particle transport and deposition). Thus, an implementation of adapted model approaches for the simulation of scale-dependent processes (e.g. separate consideration of sheet and rill flow) is possible and enables a fundamentally new observation of the inter-connectivity of sediment transport as well as the relation between event frequency and event magnitude.