RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ON EXTREMELY PRECISE ACTUATOR SYSTEM FOR CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATION USING LASER LIGHT

该项目旨在研究和开发用于生物技术和生命科学应用的超精密致动器系统，利用衍射受限聚焦激光实现非接触式微加工、陷阱。单个生物细胞的转移和其他。为此，我们新开发了基于紫外光脉冲准分子激光的高精度微加工系统，以及利用连续波激光捕获和转移单个生物细胞的单光束光学捕获技术。在高精度激光微细加工系统中。通过倒置式荧光显微镜系统，将被物镜聚焦到衍射极限的紫外光脉冲激光照射到样品上。样机部分由压电式电机控制，分辨率小于1微米。因此，在利用该系统对生物细胞进行各种实验的基础上，我们成功地利用激光照射演示了各种细胞的部分穿孔和切割以及细胞融合。使用488 nm的Ar激光和0.83和1.33微米的半导体二极管激光器，对聚苯乙烯乳胶球和包括淋巴细胞、红细胞和酵母在内的几个单一生物细胞进行了非接触和无损的三维光学捕获。由于近红外半导体半导体激光器没有观察到激光对细胞的损伤，因此近红外激光比可见的Ar激光更适合于捕获单个生物细胞，从而证实了这一研究和开发为利用激光建立新型高精度单个生物细胞驱动系统的基础技术，有望在不久的将来广泛应用于生物科学和生物技术。

This project aims the research and development of extremely precise actuator system for biotechnology and lifescience applications utilizing diffraction-limited focused laser beam to achieve non-contact micro-processing, trapping. transfer and others of a single biological cell. For this purpose, we newly developed highly precise micro-processing system using ultraviolet pulsed excimer laser,and the single beam optical trapping technique for a trapping and transfer of a single biological cell using continuous-wave laser beam. In the highly precise laser micro-processing system. anultraviolet pulsed laser beam which vas focused upto the diffraction limit by an objective is irradiated on a sample through an inverted-type fluorescence microscope system. The portion of the sample stage is controlled by piezo-electric motor with a resolution less than 1 mum. Thus, based on various experiments for biological cells using this system, we have succeed in demonstrating perforation and cutting of a part of various cells together with cell fusion by means of the laser irradiatim.Using an Ar laser of 488 nm and semiconductor diode lasers of 0.83 and 1.33 mum, non-contact and non-destructive three-dimensional optical trapping was demonstrated for polystyrene latex spheres and several single biological cells including lymphocyte, erythrocyte, and yeast. It was proved that near-infrared laser light is more suitable for their trapping than visible Ar-laser light because the cell damage caused by laser irradiation is not observed in the case using near-infrared semiconductor diode lasers.Hence it can be confirmed that this research and development have contributed largely to establish the basic technology for novel highly precise actuator system for single biological cell using laser light which is expected to be extended widely to bioscience and biotechnology in the near future.