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Development of Realtime Prediction System of Developmental Stage of Rice

水稻发育阶段实时预测系统的研制

基本信息

批准号：
62860002
负责人：
HORIE Takeshi
金额：
$ 11.26万
依托单位：
KYOTO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62860002/
关键词：
Rice Development Phenology Model Prediction Simulation System Realtime 予測モデル発育動態幼穂分化出穂窒素

项目摘要

A model was developed for simulating rice crop developmental process, such as the onsets of ear initiation, spikelet formation, meiosis, heading and of maturation, in relation to daily temperature and day length conditions. In this model the crop developmental stage was quantified by a continuous value termed developmental index, DVI, of which value was defined to be zero at emergence, 1.0 at Panicle initiation, 2.0 at heading and 3.0 at maturation. Under this defining condition, DVI at any moment in time can be given by integrating developmental rate, DVR. We have proposed an equation to give DVR as a function of daily mean temperature and day length, and developed a computer program to estimate the parameters of DVR equation from data set on the crop phenology and the environments under field conditions.Twelve major rice cultivars were grown at 5 different Places which covered almost entire climatic regions in Japan for two years, and measurements were made of the crop phenology and environments. By use of the data thus obtained, the parameters of the DVR equation were determined for the 12 cultivars. The model together with these parameters explained the developmental stages of each cultivar from time course of the environments, within an error of 2 to 3 days.A realtime prediction system for developmental stage of rice was developed by connecting weather sensors to the computer system in which are built the model for predicting the phenological stage from the course of the environments and data base on past weather conditions for seven locations. A field trial with this system showed that the system predicts rice phenological stage very satisfactory to provide necessary information for the crop managements.

建立了水稻生长发育模型，模拟了水稻幼穗分化、小穗形成、减数分裂、抽穗和成熟等发育过程与日温度和日长的关系。在该模型中，作物发育阶段由一个称为发育指数的连续值来量化，DVI的值被定义为：出苗时为0，始穗期为1.0，抽穗期为2.0，成熟期为3.0。在这个定义条件下，任何时刻的DVI都可以通过积分发育速率DVR得到。我们提出了DVR作为日平均温度和日长的函数的方程，并开发了一个计算机程序来根据田间条件下的作物物候和环境数据估计DVR方程的参数。12个主要水稻品种在日本5个不同的地点种植了两年，几乎覆盖了整个气候区域，并对作物物候和环境进行了测量。利用所获得的数据，确定了12个品种的DVR方程的参数。通过将气象传感器与计算机系统相连接，开发了水稻生育期实时预报系统，建立了从环境过程和7个地点过去气象条件的数据库预测物候期的模型。田间试验表明，该系统对水稻物候期的预测效果较好，为作物管理提供了必要的信息。