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Analysis of Photosynthesis stimulation activity of Choline Analogues and N-Substituted glycine analogues and Development as a agent of increased yield

胆碱类似物和N-取代甘氨酸类似物的光合作用刺激活性分析及作为增产剂的开发

基本信息

批准号：
62860013
负责人：
SUZUKI Akinori
金额：
$ 8.7万
依托单位：
Department of Agricultural Chemistry, The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Suzuki developed a simple bioassay method for photosynthesis stimulators using wheat protoplasts and oxygen electrode. With this bioassay method, choline analogues and N-substituted glycine analogues were revealed to be a photosyntesis stimulator. On th other hand, it was clear that choline chloride stimulated a growth of tomato, sweat potato and rice under research of Nagai, Arai, Yokoyama. Konnai revealed that choline chliride had weak phytohormone activity and synergistic effects on IAA or brassinolide. In the project, we also obtained good results which related the mechanism of photosynthesis and the plant growth stimulation activity. According to metabolism study by Suzuki, choline chloride was metabolized to betain or to phosphatidylcholine through phosphorylcholine, allylcholine was metabolized to only betain, and benzylcholine was not metabolized. These results suggest that the photosynthesis stimulation activity is not attributable to metabolites of choline analogues. Nakamoto investigated the effects of choline analogues on C_4 pathway enzymes and cleared that these compounds had no effect. Satoh, however, proved that photo mixotrophic cell cultures shown growth and photosynthetic electron transport stimulation when added with choline chloride. In addition, choline analogues increased the activity of ATPase (CF-1 protein) by more than 50% from reserch of Suzuki. These results suggest that light reaction of photosynthesis in C_3 plant is stimulated by choline analogues.

Suzuki建立了一种利用小麦原生质体和氧电极测定光合作用刺激因子的简便方法。利用这种生物测定方法，胆碱类似物和N-取代甘氨酸类似物被发现是一个光合刺激。另一方面，永井、新井、横山等人的研究表明，氯化胆碱对番茄、甘薯和水稻的生长有明显的促进作用。Konnai揭示了氯化胆碱对植物激素的活性较弱，对IAA或油菜素有增效作用。在本项目中，我们还获得了与光合作用机制和植物生长刺激活性相关的良好结果。根据Suzuki的代谢研究，氯化胆碱代谢为甜菜碱或通过磷酸胆碱代谢为磷脂酰胆碱，烯丙基胆碱仅代谢为甜菜碱，苄基胆碱未代谢。这些结果表明，光合作用的刺激活性是不归因于胆碱类似物的代谢产物。Nakamoto研究了胆碱类似物对C_4途径酶的影响，并明确这些化合物没有影响。然而，Satoh证明，当加入氯化胆碱时，光兼养细胞培养物显示出生长和光合电子传递刺激。另外，Suzuki的研究表明，胆碱类似物使ATP酶（CF-1蛋白）的活性提高了50%以上。这些结果表明，胆碱类似物对C_3植物光合作用的光反应有促进作用。