Structure,function and movement of insect brain peptides,particularly prothoracicotropic hormone.

1. 通过对家蚕促胸激素（pth）的测序和cDNA的分子克隆，确定了其初级结构。家蚕PTTH由两条相同的肽链组成，它们通过二硫键连接在一起，每条链由109个氨基酸残基和一个碳水化合物链组成，碳水化合物链与41号位置的天冬酰胺结合。利用大肠杆菌体系获得了具有生物活性的重组PTTH，并利用重组PTTH 2确定了PTTH的二硫键位置。建立了以选择性形成3个二硫键为主的高效合成胰岛素家族肽家蚕素的方法，并合成了家蚕素及其各种类似物。蚕豆素及其类似物的三级结构将通过核磁共振分析确定。从蓖麻Samia cynthia ricini和Agrius convolvuri中分离到蚕蛹毒素相关肽cdna。对羽化激素（EH）和信息素生物合成激活神经肽（PBAN）的cdna进行了测序。PBAN cDNA除编码PBAN外，还编码滞育激素和三种可能的修饰肽。测定了家蚕脂肪动力激素的初级结构和滞育激素的n端序列。免疫化学研究显示产生甲状旁腺素、蚕豆素和pban的神经分泌细胞。

1. The primary structure of Bombyx prothoracicotropic hormone(PTTH)was determined by combination of sequencing of the purified PTTH and molecular cloning of cDNA.Bombyx PTTH consists of two identical peptide chains which are held together by disulfide bond(s),and each chain is composed of 109 amino acid residues and a carbohydrate chain bound to an asparagine at position 41.The biologically active,recombinant PTTH has been obtained by using the Escherichia coli system and the disulfide bond location of PTTH were determined using recombinant PTTH.2. The highly effective method for synthesis of bombyxins,an insulin-family peptide,mainly focusing on the selective formation of three disulfide bonds was established,and bombyxin and its various analogs were synthesized.The tertiary structure of bombyxin and its analogs will be determined by NMR analysis.The cDNAs of bombyxin-related peptide were isolated from Samia cynthia ricini and Agrius convolvuri.3. The cDNAs of eclosion hormone(EH)and pheromone biosynthesis activating neuropeptide (PBAN)has been sequenced.PBAN cDNA encodes,besides PBAN,diapause hormone and three putative amidated peptides.4. The primary structure of Bombyx adipokinetic hormone and the N-terminal sequence of diapause hormone were determined.5. The immunochemical studies revealed PTTH-,bombyxin-and PBAN-producing neurosecretory cells.