Development of Rapid Masspropagation System for Tissue-cultured Plantlets.

我们开发了一个光自养植物微繁殖系统的原型。利用该系统可以对营养液的温度、湿度、光照强度和PH值等环境因素进行控制。我们进行了一系列的试运行，证明了环境可以控制在预期的范围内。为了找到促进试管苗在增殖和生根阶段生长的有利环境条件，在不同的环境条件下进行了一系列的实验。以康乃馨、草莓、马铃薯等为试材，研究发现，在无糖培养条件下，含有叶绿素的小叶外植体可以在光自养条件下分化生长，光自养培养比异养培养更能促进外植体的生长，光自养微繁殖可能比常规异养培养更具优势。通过能量分析、生长分析和物质生产平衡分析，为开发自动化、节能省力的组培苗光自养大量繁殖系统提供了基础知识。对草莓、马铃薯和康乃馨组培苗进行了光合作用特性测定。我们发现它们的特性与在体外培养的植物基本相似。根据本研究获得的实验结果，我们认为在不久的将来光自养大规模繁殖是可行的。

We developed a prototype of photoautotrophic plant micropropagation system. With this system, environmental factors such as temperature, humibity, light intensity and PH of nutrient solution can be controlled. We conducted a series of test run and proved that the environment can be controlled with desired ranges.A series of experiments was conducted under different envirironmental conditions in order to find favorable environmental conditions for promoting the growth of plantlets in vitro at multiplication and rooting stages. Carnations, strawberries, potato etc. were used as plant materials.Then, we found that explants with a small leaf containing chlorophyll can be differentiated and grown photoautotrophically with sugar-free medium and that the growth is much promoted in photoautotrophic culture than in heterotrophic culture.Photoautotrophic micropropatation may have essential advantages against conventional heterotrophic micropropagation. Namely, a loss of plantlets due to contgamination can be reduced; a larger vessel in size can be used, automation of the micropropagation process can be realized, ctc.Energy analysis, growth analysis and matter production balance analysis were conducted in order to obtain the basic knowledge on the development of automated and energy- and labor saving photoautotrophic masspropagation system for tissue-cultured plantlets.Photosynthetic characteristics of tissue-cultured plantlets were measured for strawberry, potato and carnation. We found that their characteristics were basically similar to those for the plants grown exvitro.Based on the experimental results obtained through the present research we conclude that the photoautotrophic masspropagation is feasible on a commercial scale in the near future.