Atmosphärische Dispersion und damit verbundene Gesundheitsgefährdung hervorgerufen durch die kontinuierliche Entgasung der Vulkane Nicaraguas

拟议项目的目标是更好地确定持续不断的火山排放物向大气中扩散的情况、释放出的气体和气溶胶的化学和气溶胶微物理变化、相关的酸沉积以及对环境和人类健康的影响。目前有六座活火山的尼加拉瓜被选为研究区，因为它持续不断的火山活动受到包括气体排放在内的复杂地球物理网络的监测。将利用区域尺度大气化学/气溶胶模式REMOTE在中美洲进行数值模式模拟，重点是尼加拉瓜。计划的模拟周期从几周到几个月，既包括旱季，也包括雨季。将根据火山热通量和气象条件，通过计算火山羽流向大气中的有效排放高度来考虑火山羽流在大气中的上升，以调查它们对火山痕迹物种在大气中进一步扩散的重要性。模型模拟的结果将通过与现有的地面和卫星对痕量物种的观测进行比较来评估，尼加拉瓜的大部分地面测量是在旱季收集的。

The goal of the proposed project is an improved determination of the dispersion of continuous volcanic emissions into the atmosphere, the chemical and aerosol microphysical modifications of the released gases and aerosols, related acid deposition and impacts on the environment and human health. Nicaragua with its currently six active volcanoes is chosen as study area, because of its continuous volcanic activity that is monitored by a complex geophysical network including gas emissions. Numerical model simulations with the regional scale atmospherechemistry/ aerosol model REMOTE will be carried out over Central America focussing on Nicaragua. Simulation periods from weeks to months are planned covering both, the dry and rainy season. Volcanic plume rise in the atmosphere will be considered by calculating an effective emission height of the volcanic plume into the atmosphere dependent on volcanic heat flux and meteorological conditions to investigate their importance for further dispersion of the volcanic trace species in the atmosphere. The results of the model simulations will be evaluated by comparisons with available ground based and satellite observations of trace species with most of the ground based measurements in Nicaragua being collected during the dry season.