Spatial-temporal evolution of Macaranga ant-plant lineages (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia

东南亚Macaranga蚂蚁植物谱系(大戟科)的时空演化

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    410962594
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    --
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    德国
  • 项目类别:
    Research Grants
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助国家:
    德国
  • 起止时间:
    2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

A recent proliferation of studies on the evolution of ant-plant mutualisms underlines the unbroken interest in this fascinating phenomenon. The most specialized and efficient form of protective ant-plant associations is myrmecophytism. In this symbiosis, the plants provide their partner ants with nesting space and food, while the ants protect their host plants against herbivores, pathogens and encroaching vegetation. Myrmecophytism has evolved more than 150 times independently during the evolution of higher plants. To understand the ecological and evolutionary circumstances that promote the origins and losses of myrmecophytic traits, well sampled and highly resolved phylogenies of the myrmecophytic plant lineages and their relatives are needed. Poor phylogenetic resolution has been observed in many myrmecophytic lineages that were analyzed by Sanger sequencing of traditional marker loci, probably owing to the recent origin (< 15 million years) of the respective clades. In this project we will use, for the first time, next generation sequencing technology (genotyping-by-sequencing, GBS) to resolve phylogenetic relationships among and within myrmecophytic lineages of the Southeast Asian ant-plant genus Macaranga. While many Macaranga species facultatively attract ants, about 30 species from western Malesia (comprising Borneo, Sumatra, the Malay Peninsula, and surrounding islands; collectively Sundaland) live in obligate symbiosis with nine species of Crematogaster ants. Based on a GBS-derived analysis of 234 specimens including almost all myrmecophytic Macaranga species and their non-myrmecophytic relatives, we will reconstruct the temporal-spatial evolution of myrmecophytism in the group. In the first part of the project, we will further elucidate when, where and under which circumstances morphological traits associated with myrmecophytism have been gained (and lost), and we will test the hypothesis that myrmecophytism enhanced diversification and speciation in Macaranga. In the second part of the project, general aspects of Sundaland biogeography will be addressed by a GBS-based, comparative phylogeographic approach including between 30 and 50 specimens each from five widely distributed species with different ecological requirements and relationships with ants. We specifically aim to understand how past climatic and geographic settings in Sundaland influenced the population structure and gene flow patterns of western Malesian Macaranga.
最近关于蚂蚁-植物互惠进化的研究激增,强调了对这一迷人现象的持续兴趣。蚁植共生是保护蚁植的最专门和最有效的形式。在这种共生关系中,植物为蚂蚁提供筑巢的空间和食物,而蚂蚁则保护宿主植物免受食草动物、病原体和入侵植物的侵害。在高等植物的进化过程中,蚁植已经独立进化了150多次。要了解的生态和进化环境,促进的起源和损失的myrmecophytic性状,以及采样和高度分辨率的myrmecophytic植物谱系和他们的亲戚的遗传是必要的。通过传统标记位点的桑格测序分析,在许多蚁生植物谱系中观察到系统发育分辨率较差,这可能是由于各自分支的起源较近(<1500万年)。在这个项目中,我们将使用,第一次,下一代测序技术(基因分型测序,GBS),以解决之间和内部的myrmecophytic谱系的东南亚蚂蚁植物属血桐的系统发育关系。虽然许多血桐属物种都能吸引蚂蚁,但来自西马来群岛(包括婆罗洲、苏门答腊、马来半岛和周围岛屿;统称为巽他岛)的约30种血桐属物种与9种Crematogaster蚂蚁生活在专性共生中。基于GBS衍生的分析234标本,包括几乎所有的蚁生血桐种和它们的非蚁生亲属,我们将重建的时空演化的蚁生在组。在该项目的第一部分,我们将进一步阐明何时,何地,在何种情况下与myrmecophytism形态特征已获得(和丢失),我们将测试的假设,myrmecophytism增强的多样化和物种形成的血桐。在该项目的第二部分,Sundaland昆虫地理学的一般方面将通过基于GBS的比较昆虫地理学方法来解决,其中包括30至50个标本,每个标本来自五个广泛分布的物种,具有不同的生态要求和与蚂蚁的关系。我们的具体目标是了解如何在孙达兰过去的气候和地理环境影响的人口结构和基因流模式的西马来血桐。

项目成果

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Dr. Daniela Guicking的其他文献

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