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Olfactory mate choice in the Greater sac-winged bat (Saccopteryx bilineata): Influence of immunocompetence and parasites

大囊翅蝙蝠（Saccopteryx bilineata）的嗅觉配偶选择：免疫能力和寄生虫的影响

基本信息

批准号：
417451160
负责人：
Dr. Karin Schneeberger
金额：
--
依托单位：
Zoologisches Institut und Museum
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/417451160?language=en
关键词：
Olfactory mate choice Greater sac

项目摘要

Many animal species use olfactory signals to gain information about conspecifics, such as individual identity, reproductive status, relatedness and fitness. One of the most important fitness parameter is an individual’s ability to fight parasites and pathogens. Thus, gaining information about the immunocompetence and the current infection status of a conspecific can help to decrease the risk of disease contraction and is therefore assumed to be an important factor in mate choice. While studies on olfaction and mate choice have mainly concentrated on laboratory mammals, there is a lack of evidence on the role of odour in signalling immunocompetence and infection status in wildlife species. Specifically, it is unclear if females use such information to choose a mate. This project aims to close this knowledge gap by investigating the role of odour in signalling immunocompetence and infection status, and its influence on mate choice decisions in wild populations of bats, which are exposed to natural pathogens, thus acting under natural conditions. Investigations will be done on the greater sac-winged bat, Saccotperyx bilineata, a bat species where odour is an important component of the courtship display. Former studies have shown that the wing sac odour of male greater sac-winged bats contains information about individual identity, reproductive status, geographic distance and species, but is so far unknown to inform females about the current infection status and immunocompetence. We aim at testing this hypothesis by collecting correlative and experimental data from animals of two wild populations in Costa Rica. By combining experimental and correlative studies, this project thus aims at providing an important contribution to our understanding about the role of olfactory cues in mate choice decisions in mammals.

许多动物物种使用嗅觉信号来获取有关同种动物的信息，例如个体身份、繁殖状态、相关性和适应性。最重要的健康参数之一是个体抵抗寄生虫和病原体的能力。因此，获得有关同种动物的免疫能力和当前感染状态的信息有助于降低疾病传播的风险，因此被认为是择偶的一个重要因素。虽然关于嗅觉和配偶选择的研究主要集中在实验室哺乳动物上，但缺乏关于气味在野生动物物种免疫能力和感染状态信号中的作用的证据。具体来说，尚不清楚雌性是否使用此类信息来选择配偶。该项目旨在通过研究气味在免疫能力和感染状态信号中的作用，及其对野生蝙蝠种群择偶决策的影响来缩小这一知识差距，因为野生蝙蝠种群暴露于自然病原体，因此在自然条件下发挥作用。将对更大的囊翅蝙蝠（Saccotperyx bilineata）进行调查，这种蝙蝠的气味是求偶展示的重要组成部分。此前的研究表明，雄性大囊翅蝙蝠的翼囊气味包含有关个体身份、繁殖状态、地理距离和物种的信息，但迄今为止尚不清楚能否告知雌性当前的感染状况和免疫能力。我们的目的是通过收集哥斯达黎加两个野生种群动物的相关和实验数据来检验这一假设。因此，通过结合实验和相关研究，该项目旨在为我们理解嗅觉线索在哺乳动物择偶决策中的作用做出重要贡献。