Simulated patients in training and supervision for the evaluation of therapeutic competencies

模拟患者接受培训和监督，以评估治疗能力

• 批准号: 417991996
• 负责人: Privatdozentin Dr. Franziska Kühne
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Klinische Psychologie/Psychotherapie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/417991996?language=en
• 关键词: Simulated; patients; training; supervision; evaluation

Psychotherapy is highly effective and widely acknowledged for treating various mental disorders. In terms of methods for teaching effective psychotherapeutic approaches and competencies, there has been a lack of investigation. Training and supervision are the main strategies for teaching therapist competencies. Standardized role plays with simulated patients (trained persons playing someone with a mental disorder) are useful for evaluating training approaches. In medical education, this procedure is now internationally established. However, little use has been made so far of standardized role playing to evaluate training and supervision in the area of clinical psychology and psychotherapy. Yet, this approach has a considerable potential for systemizing research in the field of training and supervision. During the first phase of the research project, standardized role playing will be adapted to assess therapist competencies in clinical-psychological practice. A systematic for instructing simulated patients will be developed and validated. The first phase of the research project provides the basis for the second phase, in which standardized role plays are used to evaluate methods for training and supervision, in two experiments. In both experiments, central approaches for treating depression are trained (cognitive restructuring and behavioral activation). The first experiment compares an active training approach (model learning) with a passive one (reading the manual). The second experiment compares two methods of supervision (verbal report vs. video analysis). In each experiment 68, master students of psychology are randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Each student takes part in three role plays (pre, post and three-month follow-up) which are all videotaped. Two independent raters assess the therapist competence of each role play on the basis of an established competence scale. Thus, the research project makes a substantial contribution to the development of training methods in the area of clinical psychology. Furthermore, it provides important knowledge about specific approaches to training and supervision. This in turn will lead to more elaborated and sophisticated psychotherapeutic training, and an effective dissemination of psychotherapeutic treatment methods.

心理治疗是治疗各种精神障碍的有效方法，被广泛认可。在教授有效的心理治疗方法和能力的方法方面，一直缺乏调查。培训和监督是教授治疗师能力的主要策略。模拟病人的标准化角色扮演（受过训练的人扮演一个精神障碍的人）对评估训练方法很有用。在医学教育中，这一程序现已在国际上确立。然而，迄今为止，很少使用标准化角色扮演来评估临床心理学和心理治疗领域的培训和监督。然而，这种方法在培训和监督领域的系统化研究方面具有相当大的潜力。在研究项目的第一阶段，标准化的角色扮演将适应临床心理实践中评估治疗师的能力。将开发并验证用于指导模拟患者的系统。研究项目的第一阶段为第二阶段提供了基础，在第二阶段，标准化的角色扮演被用来评估培训和监督的方法，在两个实验中。在这两个实验中，治疗抑郁症的核心方法都得到了训练（认知重建和行为激活）。第一个实验比较了主动训练方法（模型学习）和被动训练方法（阅读手册）。第二个实验比较了两种监督方法（口头报告与视频分析）。在每个实验68中，心理学硕士生被随机分配到实验组和控制组。每个学生参加三个角色扮演（前期、后期和三个月的后续），所有角色扮演都被录像。两个独立的评分员评估的基础上，建立一个能力规模的治疗师的能力，每个角色扮演。因此，该研究项目为临床心理学领域的培训方法的发展做出了重大贡献。此外，它还提供了有关培训和监督具体方法的重要知识。这反过来将导致更详细和复杂的心理治疗培训，并有效传播心理治疗方法。