Risks and Chances of Living Alone (RIKSCHA)

独居的风险和机会 (RIKshaw)

• 批准号: 421146155
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Franz Josef Neyer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Differentielle Psychologie, Persönlichkeitspsychologie und Psychologische Diagnostik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/421146155?language=en
• 关键词: Risks; Chances; Living; Alone; RIKSCHA

A growing number of people in Germany are living alone (16.4 million, corresponding to 20% of the population in 2016). Living alone is associated with risks as well as chances. On the one hand, individuals living alone are at risk of social isolation, while on the other hand they have the chance to fulfil themselves and to pursue individual life styles. The RIKSCHA project (Risks and Chances of Living Alone) aims to answer the question under which psychological conditions living alone may be adaptive. Thereby, we take into account that living alone is a complex life style. For example, individuals living alone may have a partner, can choose their life style permanently or temporarily, or live alone involuntarily. It is assumed that living alone can be associated with high levels of well-being, if basic social motives (for affiliation, intimacy, independence, and being alone) are satisfied appropriately in different relationship contexts such as family, friendship, and partnership (if present). RIKSCHA investigates a heterogeneous sample of middle aged participants (35 to 60 years) in a longitudinal study over the course of two years. On three measurement occasions participants will be interviewed regarding their social motives and personal relationships they entertain in their social networks. In addition, they will keep a social network diary over a period of three weeks to map the daily processes of relationship functioning. The project will contribute new insights into the very processes of personality and social network development in midlife, but will also provide answers to societal issues in times of accelerated demographic change and a growing number of people living alone.

在德国，独居人口越来越多（1640万，相当于2016年总人口的20%）。独居与风险和机会有关。一方面，独居的人面临社会孤立的风险，另一方面，他们有机会实现自我，追求个人生活方式。RIKSCHA项目（独居的风险和机会）旨在回答独居的心理条件可能是适应性的问题。因此，我们考虑到独居是一种复杂的生活方式。例如，独居的人可能有伴侣，可以选择永久或暂时的生活方式，或者非自愿地独居。据推测，独居可以与高水平的福祉，如果基本的社会动机（为从属关系，亲密关系，独立性，和独处）得到适当的满足，在不同的关系背景下，如家庭，友谊，和伙伴关系（如果存在）。RIKSCHA在一项为期两年的纵向研究中调查了中年参与者（35至60岁）的异质样本。在三个测量场合，参与者将接受采访，了解他们的社会动机和他们在社交网络中的个人关系。此外，他们将在三周内保持社交网络日记，以绘制关系运作的日常过程。该项目将为中年人的个性和社会网络发展过程提供新的见解，但也将为人口结构加速变化和越来越多的人独自生活的社会问题提供答案。