More than fame and glory. Honours and benefits given by Greek poleis to victorious athletes

不仅仅是名誉和荣耀。

• 批准号: 421148524
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Christoph Begass
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Alte Geschichte
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/421148524?language=en
• 关键词: More; than; fame; glory.; Honours

Ancient athletic victors did not only receive a prize from the organizers of the contest, but were also richly rewarded by their hometowns: There was a large variety of symbolic honours and material benefits, of which seats of honour (prohedria), free meals in the prytaneion (sitesis), monthly pensions and exemption from taxes (ateleia) are the most prominent. Such rewards for victorious athletes are attested already in the Archaic period, they were legally formalized in the Classical and Hellenistic periods and existed till the age of the tetrarchy.This phenomenon has never been studied in its entirety, and the project is intended to fill this gap, it covers the whole period of civic rewards for athletic victors (ca. 500 BC – ca. 300 AD). The importance of the topic is obvious: It is situated at the intersection of the polis and athletics, two crucial elements of ancient Greek culture that underwent deep transformations during the centuries but nevertheless remained important. With the athletic rewards, the public discourse of how top-performing citizens should be awarded – an important topic in studies on the Greek polis – is observable in the longue durée, and changes can be analyzed in the historical context. For it was not the polis alone that decided about the rewards for athletes, external players also had their interests: the organizers of the contest, for the ranking of the contests depended of the rewards the victors were given by their hometowns; the Hellenistic kings who were interested in athletics as a source of legitimation; the administration of the Roman Empire that regulated the rewards with laws; the athletes’ association that fought for the privileges of its members. The project is thus intended not only as a contribution to the history of sport, but as a contribution to the research on the Greek polis in its various connections. The first step is collecting the evidence; besides literary and epigraphic sources special attention is given to the papyri. In a second step the honours and benefits attested in the sources will be integrated into a scheme in order to make visible general developments and peculiar structures in single poleis or regions. On this basis an analysis of the phenomenon will follow, both in its entirety and in its many details. The central question is the following: Which poleis, and in which historical circumstances, were willing to render which honours and benefits to the athletes, and what were the discourses that structured the transfer of economic and symbolic ressources? The multitude of the variables is the reason for the complexity, but also for the scholarly potential of the project.

古代体育比赛的获胜者不仅会从比赛的组织者那里获得奖品，而且还会得到家乡的丰厚奖励：有各种各样的象征性荣誉和物质利益，其中最突出的是荣誉席位（prohedria），prytaneion（sitesis）的免费膳食，每月的养老金和免税（ateleia）。这种对胜利运动员的奖励在古希腊时期就已经得到了证实，在古典和希腊化时期就已经合法化，并且一直存在到四权制时代。这种现象从来没有被完整地研究过，这个项目旨在填补这一空白，它涵盖了对运动胜利者的公民奖励的整个时期（约1000年）。公元前500年公元300年）。这个主题的重要性是显而易见的：它位于城邦和竞技的交叉点，这是古希腊文化的两个重要元素，在几个世纪中经历了深刻的变革，但仍然很重要。随着运动员的奖励，关于如何奖励表现最好的公民的公共话语--这是希腊城邦研究的一个重要话题--在漫长的时间里可以观察到，并且可以在历史背景下分析变化。因为决定运动员奖励的不仅仅是城邦，外部的参与者也有他们的利益：比赛的组织者，因为比赛的排名取决于胜利者从他们的家乡获得的奖励;对体育运动感兴趣的希腊国王，他们将其作为合法性的来源;罗马帝国的行政部门，他们用法律来规范奖励;为会员争取特权的运动员协会因此，该项目不仅是对体育史的贡献，也是对希腊城邦各种联系的研究的贡献。第一步是收集证据;除了文学和金石来源特别注意给予纸莎草纸。第二步，来源中证明的荣誉和福利将被纳入一个计划，以使单个城邦或地区的一般发展和特殊结构可见。在此基础上，将对这一现象进行分析，既包括其整体，也包括其许多细节。核心问题是：在什么样的历史条件下，哪个城邦愿意为运动员提供什么样的荣誉和利益，以及什么样的话语构成了经济和象征资源的转移？众多的变量是复杂性的原因，但也是该项目的学术潜力。