Polymerized Ionic Liquids-based Hydrogels as Innovative Drug Carriers in Controllable and Individualized Dosage Forms

由于制药行业对药物控制释放的需求日益增长，人们对开发新型和可靠的药物输送系统重新产生了兴趣。就这项具有挑战性的任务而言，文献考虑了各种方法，包括在水凝胶中嵌入药物。现有的智能水凝胶的缺点是机械稳定性低，溶胀能力有限且不是完全可逆的，对外界刺激的响应速度慢。为了改善这些性能，本研究项目旨在合成、化学修饰和优化新型聚合离子液体(PILS)水凝胶作为药物载体。这项研究的目的是在规定的时间和特定的位置实现药物从水凝胶中的选择性释放，以控制作用的持续时间，同时将作用部位外的不良影响降至最低。水凝胶的溶胀性质是扩散控制和化学控制释放的一个重要因素，本研究项目对这一性质进行了研究。溶胀和释放曲线应根据不同的参数进行调整，如交联剂用量、IL单体、水分含量、干燥方法以及活性成分和溶剂的分子量。蛋白激酶抑制剂应作为溶胀和释药实验的首选模型物质。PILS有一个特殊的优势：它们的多孔聚合物结构具有非常大的内表面。因此，它们的性质，如亲油-亲水平衡，可以通过改变它们的化学官能团来定制。这些材料除了具有很高的储水能力外，还在水和有机介质中表现出不同的膨胀和收缩行为。这一特征可用于利用有针对性的功能化，作为外部影响的函数，如pH、温度、光线和压力，实现有效成分的有针对性的刺激反应释放。由于不同身体部位的生理pH变化很大，通过pH依赖的肿胀行为，在人体内所需的作用时间和部位可以获得所需数量的活化剂。

Due to the growing demand for a controlled release of drugs in the pharmaceutical industry, there has been renewed interest in the development of novel and reliable drug delivery systems. In terms of this challenging task, the literature considers various approaches, including embedding drugs in hydrogels. The disadvantages of already existing intelligent hydrogels are their low mechanical stability, limited and not completely reversible swelling capacity, and slow response to external stimuli. To improve these properties, this research project seeks to synthesize, chemically modify, and optimize novel polymerized ionic liquids (PILs)-based hydrogels as drug carriers. This research aims to achieve selective drug release from hydrogels over a defined period and at a specific location to control the duration of action while minimizing undesired effects outside the site of action. The swelling property of hydrogels is a significant factor for diffusion-controlled and chemically controlled releases, and this property is investigated in this research project. The swelling and release profile should be adjusted depending on various parameters, such as the crosslinker amount, IL monomer, water content, drying method, and the molecular weight of the active ingredient and solvent. Protein kinase inhibitors should be used as the first model substances for the swelling and release experiments. PILs have a specific advantage: their porous polymer structure has a very large internal surface. Therefore, their properties, such as the lipophilic-hydrophilic balance, can be tailored by modifying their chemical functionalities. In addition to their high capacity for water storage, these materials show different swelling and shrinking behaviors in aqueous and organic media. This feature could be used to achieve the targeted stimulus-responsive release of active ingredients as a function of external influences, such as pH, temperature, light, and pressure, using targeted functionalization. Due to the large variations in physiological pH at various body sites, the required amount of active agents is made available at the desired time and site of action in the body by pH-dependent swelling behavior.