The Iranian highlands: Mining regions of the Central Plateau between resilient and precarious societal and economic strategies.

伊朗干旱高地的特点是矿产资源极其丰富。尽管该区域以水的贫困、绿洲的畜牧系统和园艺系统为主，但高原社会实现了可持续战略，以管理对这些资源的开发，建立其开发，并建立非常具体的原材料制度。社会和经济的影响是可以预见的，特别是在冶金初期的五厂和四厂。在铁器时代的初始阶段，特别是在阿契美尼德帝国和萨萨尼亚帝国时期，矿产资源成为政治战略的重要因素。这是有可能的，因为农村系统能够制定具有复原力的生存和生存战略，从而能够成功和持续地开发当地和区域资源。需要回答的核心问题是了解矿牧民做法如何受到稳定和大量原材料交付的体制需求的影响，以及这些需求如何改变原材料网络、作为复杂社会组织一部分的生存战略和流动模式，以及经济愿景，最好是农村社区参与这些生产。为了能够进行综合，该项目打算从各种案例中收集跨学科数据。除了切拉巴德盐矿周围的盐矿开采景观外，该项目还计划调查塔克斯坦和沙坎(Qazvin省)附近的采矿和冶金生产中心及其定居点和生计系统、Veshnaveh铜矿区域(2000-2005年已进行实地研究)以及克尔曼的Halil Rud“文明”的矿产资源管理。将通过调查、矿山和单一定居点和生产地点的小规模挖掘来调查四个不同时期的例子，并在结构意义上相互比较(设施和基础设施的布局、生存战略、经济战略)。

The arid highlands of Iran are characterized by an enormous richness in mineral resources. Although the region is dominated by the poverty of water, by pastoral systems and horticultural systems in oases, sustainable strategies were achieved by highland societies to manage the exploitation of these resources and to establish their exploitation and to establish very specific raw material regimes. The societal and economic influence can be envisaged especially during the beginnings of metallurgy during the 5th and 4th mill. BCE, in the initial phases of the Iron Age and especially during the Achaemenid and Sasanian empires when mineral resources became important factors of political strategies. This was possible on the basis of rural systems that were capable of developing resilient living and subsistence strategies that allowed exploitation of local and regional resources successfully and continuously. The central question to be answered is to understand how miner-herder-practices were influenced by institutional demands in stable and large raw material deliveries, and how these demands altered raw material networks, the strategies of subsistence and patterns of mobility as part of complex social organisations, as well as visions of economies, preferably of rural communities being involved with these productions. To enable syntheses the project intends to collect interdisciplinary data from various case examples. Besides the salt-mining landscape around the salt-mine of Chehrabad, the project plans to investigate mining and metallurgical production-centres and their settlement and subsistence systems near Takestan and Shakan (Qazvin province), the area of the copper deposits of Veshnaveh (studied already in field between 2000-2005), and the mineral resource management of Halil Rud “civilisation” in Kerman. Examples of four different time-periods will be investigated by help of surveys, small-scale excavations in mines and single settlement and production-sites and compared to each other in a structural sense (layout of installations and infrastructure, subsistence strategy, economic strategy).