Empirical Assessment of Presence and Immersion in Augmented and Virtual Realities

虚拟现实（VR）和增强现实（AR）等沉浸式技术的使用越来越多，这给工业和研究带来了新的挑战。这些挑战之一是对这些技术和应用的质量进行经验评估。现场和沉浸的强度通常用于评估或比较方法。由于这些术语是主观的感觉，问卷调查通常被用来获得一个量化的评估criterion.In本建议的最常用的问卷调查，以及术语的存在和沉浸的定义的当前状态进行了讨论，并处理其缺陷。结果表明，无论是术语的定义和个人的问卷有很大的不同。此外，有人认为，最常用的问卷有赤字的内容，其有效性测量各自的结构的存在和沉浸从来没有被证明。由于定义的分歧和由此产生的调查表的差异，不可能进行比较科学的进程，该项目的目的是编制、验证和公布符合当前技术状况及其要求的调查表。为此，将首先对现有技术进行详细审查。其目的是假设统一的定义的术语的存在和沉浸的基础上获得的知识。提案中已经讨论了这些术语可能的定义和划界的初稿。在此基础上，将创建问题列表，这些问题将作为问卷进行迭代优化和验证。所获得的知识以及问卷应该有助于更客观和更可靠地评估沉浸式技术和应用。

The increasing use of immersive technologies such as Virtual Reality (VR) and Augmented Reality (AR) is accompanied by new challenges for industry and research. One of these challenges is the empirical evaluation of the quality of such technologies and applications. The strength of presence and immersion is often used to evaluate or compare approaches. Since these terms are subjective feelings, questionnaires are usually used to obtain a quantified evaluation criterion.In this proposal the current state of the art of the most frequently used questionnaires as well as definitions of the terms presence and immersion are discussed and their deficits are dealt with. It is shown that both, the definitions of the terms and the individual questionnaires differ greatly. Furthermore, it is argued that the most frequently used questionnaires have deficits in content and that their validity for measuring the respective constructs of presence and immersion has never been proven. Due to the divergence of the definitions and the resulting differences in the questionnaires, a comparative scientific process becomes impossible.The aim of the project is to create, validate and publish questionnaires which correspond to the current state of technology and its requirements. To this end, a detailed review of the current state of the art will first be carried out. The aim is to postulate uniform definitions of the terms presence and immersion on the basis of the knowledge gained. A first draft of possible definitions and delimitations of the terms is already discussed in the proposal. Based on this, lists of questions will be created which will be iteratively optimized and validated as questionnaires.The knowledge gained as well as the questionnaires should help to evaluate immersive technologies and applications more objectively and comparably.