Beyond Li-ion Batteries: Novel, Efficient Electrode Materials for Sodium Ion Storage

超越锂离子电池：用于钠离子存储的新型高效电极材料

• 批准号: 426530815
• 负责人: Dr. Magdalena Graczyk-Zajac
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Faculty of Chemistry
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/426530815?language=en
• 关键词: Beyond; Li; ion; Batteries; Novel

There is an urgent need to develop a highly efficient, low-cost alternative to the now ubiquitous lithium-ion batteries. The lack of high-performing electrode materials is the main challenge in introducing a new technology to the market, which can be by far more cost-effective than Li-ion-based electrodes. This project aims to develop, investigate and characterise novel, stable and cost-efficient electrodes for Na-ion battery (NIB). The key to rationalise the electrochemical performance of battery materials is to determine the ion storage host and to define the local structure and microstructural stability of the material. In parallel, the ionic transport must be reliably assessed in order to predict the rate performance of the electrode.The systematic study proposed in this project (BLESS) starts with the synthesis of novel cathode and anode materials with improved electrical conductivity and enhanced electrochemical stability. The cathode will consist of sol-gel derived Na3V2(PO4)3/carbon nanocomposite with varying carbon content. The novel route of Pickering emulsion assisted sol-gel synthesis will ensure the homogeneity of the composite resulting in enhanced electron transport across the electrode. "One-pot" in-situ synthesis of porous tin anode embedded in a conductive carbon and stabilised in a ceramic matrix (Sn/C/SiOC) will allow to accommodate the volume changes of tin preserving its high Na-storage capacity.The electrical and microstructural properties of the electrode materials will be analysed by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), 23Na solid state MAS NMR spectroscopy, and electron microscopy (SEM/TEM). The intrinsic Na-diffusion properties of the active material solely will be assessed by means of a single-particle measurement (SPM) developed within this project. The low-resistance cathode composite will allow for enhancement of the rate capability of Na-based cells. By revealing the structural changes and the ion mobility of the electrode materials, MAS NMR spectroscopy can help to deeply understand the chemistry behind the electrochemical processes and therefore improve the battery performance. Electron microscopy will allow to get insights into the structure of composite electrode materials as well as the arrangement of carbonaceous materials creating inner and outer coating of the composite.Developing new, compatible, high capacity electrode materials for NIB in line with recognising and proposing the efficient solutions to counteract their drawbacks will be a milestone for the further development and potential application of stable sodium ion batteries.The knowledge and experience in materials engineering and electrochemistry, as well as access to highly specialised equipment (TEM, MAS-NMR, SPM), is required for the successful realisation of the planned studies within BLESS. The proposed cooperation generates enormous benefits for the partners, and none of the teams can alone achieve the project objectives.

迫切需要开发一种高效、低成本的替代品，以取代现在无处不在的锂离子电池。缺乏高性能电极材料是将新技术引入市场的主要挑战，这种新技术可能比锂离子电极更具成本效益。本项目旨在开发、研究和表征新型、稳定和经济高效的钠离子电池（NIB）电极。优化电池材料电化学性能的关键是确定离子存储主体，确定材料的局部结构和微观结构稳定性。同时，为了预测电极的速率性能，必须可靠地评估离子输运。本项目（BLESS）提出的系统研究从合成具有改善电导率和增强电化学稳定性的新型正极和负极材料开始。阴极将由溶胶-凝胶衍生的不同碳含量的Na3V2(PO4)3/碳纳米复合材料组成。皮克林乳液辅助溶胶-凝胶合成的新路线将确保复合材料的均匀性，从而增强电子在电极上的传递。“一锅”原位合成多孔锡阳极嵌入导电碳并稳定在陶瓷基体（Sn/C/SiOC）中，将允许适应锡的体积变化，保持其高钠存储容量。通过电化学阻抗谱（EIS）、23Na固态MAS NMR谱和电子显微镜（SEM/TEM）分析电极材料的电学和微观结构特性。活性材料的固有na扩散特性将仅通过本项目开发的单粒子测量（SPM）来评估。低电阻阴极复合材料将允许提高na基电池的速率能力。通过揭示电极材料的结构变化和离子迁移率，MAS NMR可以帮助深入了解电化学过程背后的化学过程，从而提高电池性能。电子显微镜将允许深入了解复合电极材料的结构以及碳质材料的排列，形成复合材料的内部和外部涂层。开发新的、兼容的、高容量的NIB电极材料，认识并提出有效的解决方案来抵消它们的缺点，将是进一步发展和潜在应用稳定钠离子电池的一个里程碑。在材料工程和电化学方面的知识和经验，以及高度专业化的设备（TEM, MAS-NMR， SPM），是成功实现BLESS计划研究的必要条件。提议的合作为合作伙伴带来了巨大的利益，任何一个团队都无法单独实现项目目标。