Innate and inflammatory immune responses in allergy: pathogenic roles and targets of therapeutic interventions

过敏症的特征是对无害的环境抗原的异常免疫反应。最近的研究表明，一方面先天免疫系统和炎症过程之间的相互作用和另一方面的适应性免疫机制是更好地理解过敏性疾病的发病机制的主要相关性。这些发现特别支持的结果，全面的流行病学研究和临床和实验研究，分别。然而，不仅遗传而且表观遗传和组织特异性因子以及微生物、营养和环境参数在调节过敏性免疫应答中的作用仍然是一个激烈争论的问题。因此，有一个高度需要进一步的研究，以确定潜在的分子机制和它们的相互作用的背景下，在变态反应的免疫病理过程。除了研究基本的病理生理学原理外，特别重要的是检测靶向治疗干预和预防措施的候选者，因为对全世界不断增长且迄今为止治疗不足的过敏受试者数量的充分护理有特别的需求。因此，过敏研究需要继续进行，因为它已经在风湿病，其他炎症和肿瘤疾病领域的情况。要实现这些要求，一个重要的前提是有重点地推动优秀的、高水平的转化研究活动。然而，在德国，尤其是对年轻研究人员的支持存在明显的结构性缺陷，这使得年轻人从事研究的吸引力下降，而是在其他职业中追求职业生涯。德国变态反应和临床免疫学学会（DGAKI）已经启动了几项举措，以积极应对这一发展，并加强和扩大变态反应学研究。例如，已经建立了一个支持博士和医学博士学生研究活动的年度讲习班以及一个自己的“初级成员”部门。在这方面，由DFG支持的早期职业研究人员讲习班是确定和促进有潜力取得卓越科学成就的年轻人才的决定性措施。因此，在已经启动的结构性措施的基础上，该提案旨在获得DFG的资助，为变态反应学研究领域的早期职业调查人员举办一个讲习班。

Allergies are characterized by aberrant immune responses against harmless environmental antigens. Recent research indicates that the interplay between the innate immune system and inflammatory processes on the one hand and adaptive immune mechanisms on the other hand are of major relevance for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of allergic diseases. These findings are in particular supported by the results of comprehensive epidemiologic studies and by clinical and experimental investigations, respectively. However, the role not only of genetic but also epigenetic and tissue specific factors as well as microbial, nutritive and environmental parameters in modulating allergic immune responses is still a matter of intensive debate. Thus, there is a high need for further studies to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms and their mutual interactions in the context of immunopathological processes in allergy. Besides investigating elementary pathophysiological principles it is of special importance to detect candidates for targeted therapeutic interventions and preventive measures, as there is a particular demand for an adequate care of the worldwide growing and so far insufficiently treated number of allergic subjects. As a consequence, allergological research needs to proceed as it has been already the case in the fields of rheumatological, other inflammatory and tumor diseases. To fulfill these requirements, a substantial prerequisite is the focused promotion of excellent, high-level translational research activities. However, especially the support of young researchers is fraught with distinct structural deficits in Germany, which make it less attractive for young people to perform research but rather to pursue a professional career in other occupations. The German Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (DGAKI) has started several initiatives to actively counteract this development and both reinforce and expand allergological research. For example, an annual workshop supporting research activities of PhD and MD students as well as an own ‘junior member’ section has been established. In this context, a workshop for early career investigators supported by the DFG constitutes a decisive measure to identify and promote young talents with potential for excellent scientific achievements. Thus, building on already initiated structural measures this proposal aims at receiving funding from the DFG to implement a workshop for early career investigators in the field of allergological research.