Fundamental Research on the Origin and Development of Step-pool Sequences in High Gradient Streams

高梯度流中阶梯池序列起源与发展的基础研究

• 批准号: 01460230
• 负责人: KOBASHI Sumiji
• 金额: $ 3.46万
• 依托单位: Kyoto University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01460230/
• 关键词: Step-pool; Mountain torrent; River morphology; Origin; Drop structure; 河道形状; 急勾配; 渓流; 瀬; 砂防; 自動計測システム; 掃流力; フル-ド数; 相対水深; 最大粒径

Field survey on step-pool distribution and characteristics were carried out in Mount Rokko, the North Mountains of Kyoto, Kake-town in Hiroshima Prefecture and Tanakami Mountains of Shiga Prefecture. The results were compared with those of State of Oregon, U. S. A. The distribution of step-pool sequences are strongly controlled by torrent gradients. Five percent of torrent gradient is necessary condition for surveyed streams of the both countries. Rock exposed on torrent beds and large stones that never move by flow are other major factors of forming step-pool sequences. They are more common factors originating step-pool sequences in mountain torrents than large bolders. Another factor forming step-pool sequences is a man-made and natural drop.Origin and shape of step-pool were investigated through flume experiments. The experiments made clear that flow discharge that can move the maxim grain size on torrent beds is necessary to create steps, and a lot of sediment transport prevent step forming steps.Drops were introduced into the fluine to study its influence to step-pool formation. It was made clear that higher steps made more clear steps below the drops.

对六所山、京都北山、广岛县龟城县和滋贺县田上山等地的阶梯塘分布及特征进行了实地调查。结果与美国俄勒冈州的结果进行了比较。阶跃水池序列的分布强烈地受激流梯度的控制。5%的激流坡度是两国测量河流的必要条件。暴露在激流床上的岩石和从不随水流移动的大石头是形成台阶水池序列的其他主要因素。与大块头相比，它们是山洪暴发中形成阶跃水池序列的更常见的因素。形成阶梯水池序列的另一个因素是人为的和自然的水滴，通过水槽实验研究了阶梯水池的成因和形状。实验表明，在激流床上能移动最大粒度的水流流量是形成台阶的必要条件，大量的泥沙输运阻止了台阶的形成，在河床中引入水滴研究了其对台阶形成的影响。很明显，较高的步骤意味着较低的步骤更明确。

项目成果

福原 隆一,小橋 澄治,水山 高久: "山地渓流の形状特性" 平成3年度砂防学会研究発表会概要集. (1991)

Ryuichi Fukuhara、Sumiharu Kobashi、Takahisa Mizuyama：“山间溪流的形状特征”1991 年侵蚀控制协会研究报告摘要集（1991 年）。

Gordon E. Grant: "Origin of Step-pool Sequences Streams in High Gradient" Japan-U. S. Symposium of Snow Avalanche, Landslide, Debris Flow.

Gordon E. Grant：“高梯度阶梯池序列流的起源”Japan-U。

Takahisa Mizuyama: "Characteristics of Step-pool Sequences formed" Journal of the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering. (1992)

Takahisa Mizuyama：“形成的阶梯池序列的特征”日本侵蚀控制工程学会杂志。

三好 岩生,福嶌 義宏: "パソコンによる土砂堆積形状計測システムの構築" 新砂防. 44. 28-31 (1991)

Iwao Miyoshi、Yoshihiro Fukushima：“基于计算机的沉积物沉积形状测量系统的构建” Shinsabo 44. 28-31 (1991)。

Iwao Miyoshi: "Construction of Deposit Form Measuring System Controlled by Personal Computer Below drops" Journal of the Japan Society of Erosion Control Engineering. 44. 28-31 (1991)

Iwao Miyoshi：“由个人计算机控制的沉积物形状测量系统的构造”，日本侵蚀控制工程学会杂志。