Experimental Studies to Investigate the Optimum Condition for Regional Utilization of Biomass such as Electric Generation for Household Use

上流式热解反应器的初步制造和实验始于两年前。对设备也进行了全面改进。以稻壳和树皮颗粒为试验材料。由于这个特殊的炉很小（内径30厘米），炉内的桥接是不可能的。在实验过程中，指定燃烧风量，自动控制炉膛排烟温度在高于水沸点的温度。测量了物料供给量、产生的气体和焦油的质量、炉内和炉外温度。对水煤气反应、气焦油分离的供汽条件和产气驱动发动机的条件进行了改进。结果表明：(1)通过控制废气温度，可以将物料中的水分和热解过程中产生的水分全部排出炉膛。(2)炉膛的全面改进，使炉膛内形成了薄的干燥层和厚的还原层，实现了有效的还原反应，从而提高了产气的热值。焦油油由重焦油、液体酸和轻焦油组成。重质焦油可以在原料中混合回收，液体酸可以用作农用化学品，轻质焦油可以用作燃料。(4)储存较长时间的焦油油，即使其含有72%的水分，也有可能燃烧。热值与石油相当。(5)保持还原层厚度控制水气反应，从而控制产气热值。因此，根据上述结果可以实现适合该地区当地条件的最优操作。

Initial fabrication and experimentation of an up-flow type pyrolysis reactor started tow years ago. Full-scale improvements were also made on the equipment. Rice husks and bark pellets were used as test materials. Since this particular furnace is small (30cm I. D.), bridging inside the furnace was not possible. During experiment, the amount of combustion air was specified and, the furnaces exhaust gas temperature was automatically controlled at a temperature higher than the water boiling point. The amount of material supply, mass of produced gas and tar, inside and outside temperatures of the furnace, were measured. The conditions for supplying steam for water gas reaction, gas and tar separation, as well as the driving of the engine using produced gas were modified. The following are the results :(1) All the moisture from the material and those generated during pyrolysis can be fully exhausted from the furnace by controlling the exhaust gas temperature. (2) Full-scale improvement of the furnace resulted in the formation inside the furnace of a thin drying layer and a thick reduction layer thus achieving an effective reduction reaction, thereby increasing the heat valve of the produced gas. (3)Tar oil consists of heavy tar, liquid acid, and light tar. Heavy tar can be recycled by mixing it in the raw material, liquid acid could be used as agricultural chemical, and light tar could be used as fuel. (4) It was possible to burn the top portion of the tar oil which was stored for a long period of time even if it contained 72% moisture. The heat value was comparable to that of a petroleum. (5) Maintaining the reduction layer thickness controls the water gas reaction thus controlling the produced gas heat value.Consequently, the optimum operation applicable to the local conditions of the region can be realized by the above results.