Ecophysiological analysis of northern and southern limits of plant distribution

植物分布南北界限的生态生理分析

• 批准号: 01480005
• 负责人: OIKAWA Takehisa
• 金额: $ 4.29万
• 依托单位: University of Tsukuba
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01480005/
• 关键词: plant distribution; Quercus myrsinaefolia; photosynthesis; biomass; Elymus mollis; Ischaemum anthephoroides; 森林生態系; 地球温暖化; 照葉樹林; 炭素動態; 生態系モデル; シラカシ; アカマツ林床; 分布北限線; 光合成特性; 微気象環境; 遷移

Northern and southern limits of plant distribution were analysed ecophysiologically.Photosynthetic activity of seedlings of an evergreen white oak (Quercus myrsinaefolia), a climax tree species in the northern Kanto plain, grown in a pine forest in Tsukuba city was measured using a photosynthetic porometer in the field and under the controlled conditions in the laboratory. The photosynthetic production was maximum in spring, but it decreased drastically and showed a negative value in summer, due to deteriolation of light environment and excessive higher temperature in the forest floor. The photosynthetic production was restored to show a small positive value in autumn, due to improvement of light environment in the forest floor. However, it decreased to a negative value in winter due to severe lower, air temperature. Such a seasonal change of photosynthetic production of an white oak seedling in the forest floor suggests a great difficulty to succeed from a pine forest to an evergreen white oak forest in the northern limit of Kanto plain.Seasonal changes of photosynthetic activity and biomass of Elymus mollis (a northern species) and Ischaesum anthephoroides (a southern species) were measured in Kadoori coast, Ibaraki prefecture. These measurements showed higher optimum temperature for photosynthesis in Ischaemum anthephoroides than in Elymus mollis.

本文从生理生态学角度分析了植物分布的北方界限，并在野外和实验室控制条件下，用光合气孔仪测定了生长在筑波市松林中的万年青白色栎（Quercus myrsinaefolia）幼苗的光合活性。春季光合生产量最大，夏季光合生产量急剧下降并出现负值，这是由于光环境恶化和林下温度过高造成的。秋季，由于林下光环境的改善，光合生产量恢复到较小的正值。但在冬季，由于气温严重降低，它下降到负值。在关东平原北部边缘的松树林中，白色栎树幼苗光合生产的季节变化表明，从松树林到万年青白色橡树林的演替是非常困难的。在日本茨木县加道里海岸，测定了北方种翅果桉（Eschaesummollis）和南方种黄花蒿（Ischaesumanthephoroides）光合活性和生物量的季节变化。这些结果表明，在较高的光合作用的最适温度，在蝴蝶兰比翅果油。

项目成果

伊藤大雄,及川武久: "シミュレ-ションによる密植桑園の受光およびCO_2同化特性とその地域的差異の検討" 日本蚕糸学雑誌. 58. 131-139 (1989)

伊藤大夫，及川武久：“密植桑园的光接收和CO_2同化特性的模拟及其区域差异”日本蚕丝学杂志58。131-139（1989）。

S.Ishikawa,T.Oikawa & A.Furukawa: "Photosynthetic Characterisitcs and Water Use Efficiency of Three Coastal Dune Plsnts" Ecological Research.

石川胜、及川

Ishikawa,S.: "Responses of photosynthesis,leaf conductance and growth to salinity in three coastal dune plants." Ecological Research. 6. 217-226 (1991)

Ishikawa,S.：“三种沿海沙丘植物的光合作用、叶导度和生长对盐度的响应。”

Ishikawa,S.,Oikawa,T.,Furukawa,A: "Photosynthetic Characteristics and Water Use Efficiency of Three Coastal Dune Plants." Ecol.Res.5. 377-391 (1990)

Ishikawa,S.、Oikawa,T.、Furukawa,A：“三种沿海沙丘植物的光合特性和水分利用效率”。

T.Oikawa: "Studies of the Dynamic Properties of Terrestrial Ecosystems Based on a Simulation Model.II." Ecological Research. 4. 117-130 (1989)

T.Oikawa：“基于模拟模型的陆地生态系统动态特性研究。II”。