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Utilization of RFLP maps for rice breeding

RFLP 图谱在水稻育种中的应用

基本信息

批准号：
01480037
负责人：
KINOSHITA Toshiro
金额：
$ 4.61万
依托单位：
Plant Breeding Institute, Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

In order to integrate the conventional chromosome map with the new RFLP maps, the following studies were carried out.(1) New chromosome maps containing 142 markers and 8 new linkage relationships were newly constructed.(2) In the F_2 populations of the crosses between Jodon's markers and linkage testers in Hokkaido Univ, 19 loci from conventional markers were allocated to 10 RFLP maps. The orientation of the third, tenth and eleventh chromosomes was in reverse order in the new RFLP maps.(3) Gene tagging of two economical genes such as semi-dwarfness and pollen restoration was carried out in the first and tenth chromosomes. It was found that both genes closely linked with RFLP markers, RZ276 and RG561, respectively.(4) As for blast resistance genes in NlLs, it was identified that Pi-k, Pi-z, Pi-ta and Pi-i loci are responsible for I, II, III and VIth groups of NlLs respectively.(5) Somatic hybrid plants were produced through the protoplast fusion between wild species and rice. Among 156 hybrids, a diploid plant having a clear band transferred from 0. punctata was found by RFLP analysis with DNA fragment of rDNA.(6) By using the flow cytometer DNA contents of rice nuclear genome were measured precisely as 0.90 ng/2C in the cultivar IR36. Japonica strains indicated a smaller size of genome in comparison with lndica strains. In addition, a continuous variation of DNA contents was indicated in a F_2 population of Japonica X Indica cross showing a mode of 0.87 ng/2C.Thus, RFLP analysis will be applied for various studies of rice genome and also utilized for efficient rice breeding.

为了将常规染色体图谱与新的RFLP图谱整合起来，进行了以下研究：(1)新构建了包含142个标记和8个新连锁关系的新染色体图谱。(2)在Jodon's标记与北海道大学连锁测试者杂交的F_2群体中，来自常规标记的19个位点被分配到10个RFLP图谱中。新的RFLP图谱中第3、10、11号染色体的方向是相反的。(3)在第1、10号染色体上进行了半矮化、花粉恢复等两个经济基因的基因标记。结果发现，这两个基因分别与RFLP标记RZ276和RG561紧密连锁。(4)对于NlLs中的稻瘟病抗性基因，确定Pi-k、Pi-z、Pi-ta和Pi-i位点分别负责NlLs I、II、III和VIth组。(5)通过野生种与水稻原生质体融合产生体细胞杂种植物。利用rDNA片段进行RFLP分析，在156个杂种中发现一株具有清晰条带的二倍体植株，该植株是由0. punctata转移而来。(6)利用流式细胞仪准确测定了品种IR36的水稻核基因组DNA含量，结果为0.90 ng/2C。与籼稻菌株相比，粳稻菌株的基因组大小较小。此外，粳稻×籼稻杂交的F_2群体中DNA含量存在连续变化，众数为0.87 ng/2C。因此，RFLP分析将应用于水稻基因组的各种研究，也可用于高效水稻育种。