New development for rice genetics and its utilization for breeding

水稻遗传育种新进展

• 批准号: 02304015
• 负责人: KINOSHITA Toshiro
• 金额: $ 8.19万
• 依托单位: Hokkaidou University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Co-operative Research (A)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02304015/
• 关键词: High density map; Trisomics; Imaging method; Isozyme gene; mtDNA; Semi-dwarfness; Protein sequences; Somaclonal variation; アクロトリソミックス; RFLPマーカー; in situハイブリダイゼーション; アイソザイム; 同質遺伝子系統; パーオキシダーゼ; 早生遺伝子; 精密遺伝子地図; 遺伝情報; 転座分析; 物理地図; PCR法; 連鎖関

High density linkage maps of rice chromosomes and the following genetic information were obtained.1. Integration of morphological and physiological markers and interchange points to rice RFLP maps was accomplished through the joint program.2. Establishment of tertiary- and acro-trisomics was effectively used for the orientation of linkage maps.3. twelve chromosomes were completely identified by the application of imaging method.4. The locus of the gene for glutelin in endosperm was determined at the short arm of chromosome 2.5.33 kinds of isozyme genes were allocated to ten different chromosomes by genic analyses.6. Master circle of mtDNA (492kb) indicated a complicated structure and the short strips transferred from ctDNA were contained in the mtDNA.7. New genes for gamate elimination, long kernel, earliness and male sterility were found out in various crosses.8. A gene for semi-dwarfness caused by sd-1 inserted the action to block the passage from GA20 to GA1 in gibberellin metabolism.9. Rice lactate and alcohol dehydrogenase genes were cloned and anaerobic induction and protein sequences were examined.10. In the somaclonal variant at callus stage, it was indicated that the expression of allozyme was inhibited in the heterozygons condition of isozyme genes.

获得了水稻染色体高密度连锁图谱及以下遗传信息。通过该联合计划实现了形态和生理标记以及交换点与水稻RFLP图谱的整合。三体和三体的建立有效地应用于连锁图谱的定位。应用显像法对12条染色体进行了完整鉴定。将胚乳谷蛋白基因定位于2号染色体短臂。5.通过基因分析将33种同工酶基因分配到10条不同的染色体上。线粒体DNA的主环(492kb)显示了复杂的结构，从ctDNA转移过来的短条带存在于mtDNA中。在不同杂交组合中发现了消除配子、长粒、早熟和雄性不育的新基因。一个由SD-1引起的半矮秆基因插入了在赤霉素代谢中阻止从GA20到GA1的通道的作用。克隆了水稻乳酸脱氢酶和乙醇脱氢酶基因，并对其进行了厌氧诱导和蛋白质序列分析。在愈伤组织阶段的体细胞无性系变异中，表明同工酶基因杂合状态下等位酶的表达受到抑制。

项目成果

Tamura, Y., H. Kitano, H. Satoh and Y. Nagato: "A gene profoundly affecting shoot organization in the early phase of rice development." Plant Science. 82. 91-99 (1992)

Tamura, Y.、H. Kitano、H. Satoh 和 Y. Nagato：“一种在水稻发育早期阶段深刻影响芽组织的基因。”

武田 和義: "Inheritance,and character expression of a long kernel gene detected in a Japanese local rice variety "Fusayoshi"." SABRAO Journal. 22. 79-90 (1990)

Kazuyoshi Takeda：“在日本本地水稻品种“Fusayoshi”中检测到的长仁基因的遗传和性状表达。”22. 79-90 (1990)。

Ishikawa,R.: "Genotypic variation for 17 isozyme genes among Japanese upland varieties in rice." 育種学雑誌. 42. 737-746 (1992)

Ishikawa, R.：“日本旱地水稻品种中 17 个同工酶基因的基因型变异。”《育种科学杂志》42. 737-746 (1992)

奥本 裕: "イネ出穂期突然変異系統HS66の早生突然変異遺伝子" 育種学雑誌. 42. 415-429 (1992)

Yutaka Okumoto：“水稻抽穗突变系 HS66 的早期突变基因”《育种科学杂志》42. 415-429 (1992)。

奥本 裕: "我が国西南暖地水稲品種の出穂期を支配する遺伝子" 育種学雑誌. 41. 135-152 (1991)

Yutaka Okumoto：“控制日本西南部温暖地区水稻品种抽穗期的基因”《育种科学杂志》41. 135-152 (1991)。