Variation among regeon and season in energy balance of grazing haifers.

放牧海母草能量平衡的区域和季节变化.

• 批准号: 01480092
• 负责人: OKUBO Tadakatsu
• 金额: $ 4.29万
• 依托单位: The University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01480092/
• 关键词: Production gross efficiency; Energy balance of grazing heifers; grazed grassland, Tallfescue; Ryegrass pasture; Metabolizable energ efficiency and grass species; エネルギ-代謝(放牧子牛); ト-ルフェスク放牧草地; 代謝エネルギ-消費と草種; 乳牛子牛の放牧; 放牧時エネルギ-代謝; 放牧子牛の代謝率; 放牧; エネルギ

Seasonal changes in efficiency of solar energy fixed on grazed pasture of tallfescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) was investigated. Threughout growing season from late March until late October in 1986-1987,0.78% of incident solar energy (3017 GJ/10a and 2843 GJ/10a, respectively) was fixed in herbage available, 0.76% was consumed by grazing Holstein heifers and 0.021% was retained in heifers'body. At every step of energy conversion in plant and animal growth, the values of efficiencies were highest in spring grazing season and lowest in summer grazing season.Relation among herbage energy supply (HA), grazing intensity (GI) based on fasting metabolism, and consumed herbage energy (HCE) was expressed as followsing equations :in spring and autumn HCE=12.3GI-49.2GI^2/HA-0.709 (R^2=0.94)in summer HCE=-3.58GI+46.7GI^2/HA+3.43 (R^2=0.69)Here, the HA is the sum of HCE and the amount of residual herbage available left uneaten at the end of each grazing peirod. Fasting metabolism was calculated by ARC (1980)'s method.These seasonal variation in both HCE and IVDMD,which were relating negatively with air temperature, were regarded to be a main cause of the seasonal change in solar energy conversion efficiency for secondary production of grazing helfers.

研究了高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea Schreb.）放牧草地固定太阳能效率的季节变化。1986-1987年3月下旬至10月下旬的整个生长季节，0.78%的入射太阳能（分别为3017 GJ/10a和2843 GJ/10a）被固定在牧草中，0.76%被放牧的荷斯坦母牛消耗，0.021%被保留在母牛体内。在植物和动物生长的各个能量转换阶段，春季放牧效率最高，夏季放牧效率最低。牧草能量供应（HA）、基于空腹代谢的放牧强度（GI）与消耗的牧草能量（HCE）之间的关系表示为：春季和秋季HCE=12.3GI-49.2GI^2/HA-0.709 (R^2=0.94)，夏季HCE=-3.58GI+46.7GI^2/HA+3.43 (R^2=0.69)，其中HA为HCE与各放牧期末可利用剩余牧草量之和。采用ARC（1980）的方法计算空腹代谢。这些HCE和IVDMD的季节变化与气温呈负相关，被认为是放牧帮手二次生产太阳能转换效率季节变化的主要原因。

项目成果

Y.Kurokawa, T.Okubo, K.Matsui, H.Mochimaru and E.Shiose: "Seasonal Changes in Energy Efficiencies from Herbage Allowance to Retention by Grazing Heifers on Tallfescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) Pasture." Japan.J.Grassl.Sci.(in press).

Y.Kurokawa、T.Okubo、K.Matsui、H.Mochimaru 和 E.Shiose：“Tallfescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb) 牧场上放牧小母牛从牧草配额到保留的能源效率的季节性变化。”

大久保 忠旦 ほか(分担)、高野 信雄 ほか(編): "(草地の生態、放牧家畜の行動学)[粗飼料、草地ハンドブック]" 975 (1989)

Tadatan Okubo 等人（合著者），Nobuo Takano 等人（编辑）：“（草原生态学，放牧牲畜的行为）[粗饲料，草原手册]”975 (1989)

松井 寛二,黒川 勇三,大久保 忠旦: "飼料摂取量と24時間心拍数との関係について" 日本畜産学会報. 61. 110-114 (1990)

Kanji Matsui、Yuzo Kurokawa、Tatatan Okubo：“采食量与 24 小时心率之间的关系”日本动物科学会通报 61. 110-114 (1990)。

黒川 勇三、大久保 忠旦、松井 寛二・持丸 均: "ト-ルフェスク(Festuca arundinacea)放牧草地における牧草の供給から放牧牛による増体蓄積までのエネルギ-効率。" 日草誌。. 36. 238-246 (1990)

Yuzo Kurokawa、Tatatan Okubo、Kanji Matsui 和 Hitoshi Mochimaru：“高羊茅 (Festuca arundinacea) 放牧牧场的能源效率，从牧场供应到放牧牛增重积累。”

大久保忠且(編・著)(分担): "草地学" 文栄堂, 400 (1990)

大久保忠胜（编辑/作者）（合着）：《草原科学》Buneido，400（1990）