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Estimation of plant and cattle growth using the energy-flow model in grazed pasture.

使用放牧牧场的能量流模型估计植物和牛的生长。

基本信息

批准号：
60560279
负责人：
OKUBO Tadakatsu
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo, Faculty of Agricultural Science. (1986, 1988)Nagoya University (1985)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A systems analytical approach was carried on the flow of solar energy in grazed pasture of Tallfescue. To determine the initial values and parameters for the OKUBO-JACQUARD model (1985), the dry matter production of Tallfescue under grazing was measured in every three or four week intervals. The plant materials were divided into each plant organ and measured in digestibility in-vitro. Herbage available, herbage intake, residual herbage available, di-gestible herbage and body weight change (daily gain) were also measured and converted into the energy values. Solar energy conversion efficiency in the each step of energy flow was calculated and it's seasonal difference was analyzed.Daily gain of Holstein-Friesian calves varied remarkably by season from 1.1 kg of live weight per head in spring and early autumn to 0.0 kg in summer and late autumn and the gain was mainly releted to their herbage intake. They grazed about 0.03 kg per kg of live weight per day in spring and early autumn but about 0.02 kg in summer. Digestibility of the grasses was not so largely different and the efficiency of energy conversion from digestible energy to metabolisable energy was varied seasonally and very low in summer. From the measurement of heat production under grazing, it was infered that the calves might control themselves in lower heat production by lower intake in summer season. Conversion ratio ME/DE was lower in our grazing calves than the values of SRC (1965) in all the season.

对 Tallfescue 牧场的太阳能流进行了系统分析。为了确定 OKUBO-JACQUARD 模型（1985）的初始值和参数，每三到四个星期测量一次放牧下 Tallfescue 的干物质产量。将植物材料分成每个植物器官并测量体外消化率。还测量了可用牧草、牧草摄入量、可用剩余牧草、可消化牧草和体重变化（日增重）并转换成能量值。计算能量流各阶段的太阳能转化效率并分析其季节差异。荷斯坦-弗里斯兰犊牛的日增重随季节变化显着，从春季和初秋的每头活重1.1公斤到夏季和深秋的每头活重0.0公斤，增重主要与其采食草料有关。春季和初秋，它们每天每公斤活重吃草约 0.03 公斤，但夏季约为 0.02 公斤。草的消化率差异不大，从可消化能量到可代谢能量的能量转换效率随季节变化，并且在夏季非常低。根据放牧时产热量的测量，推测犊牛可能在夏季通过减少采食量来控制产热量的降低。在整个季节，我们放牧犊牛的 ME/DE 转化率均低于 SRC (1965) 的值。