Utilization of Two-Dimensional Carbon Prepared in the Interlamellar Spacing of Clay Mineral

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Low dimensional graphite has recently attracted much attention. We have developed a new carbon preparation method "Template Cabdonization" which utilizes the interplanar spacing of montmorillonite for the preparation of 2-dimensional graphite. The aim of the present project is to produce carbon materials from this unique carbon. In the first year, we tried to synthesize K-GIC (potassium-graphite intercalation compound), and in the second year the application to the secondary battery was attempted. Some other clays were used for the purpose of clarifying the effect of the structure of host materials.1. The extent of crystallite breakage was quite small in the process of interalation and desorption for the case of low dimensional graphite.2. The lithium secondary battery derived from this carbon showed excellent behaviors in the stability and charge density.3. Taeniolite, which is highly crystalline clay, produced the carbon with high orientation and high crystallinity.4. On the other hand, saponite produced a very unique carbon which swells upon the contact with organic liguids.5. Magnetoresistance of the graphite from montmorillonite was determined. The value was much smaller than expected from the X-ray parameter. This suggests the low dimensional nature of this carbon.