Experimental Study of Fracture and Deformation of Rocks at High Confining Pressure and Temperature

高围压高温下岩石破裂变形试验研究

• 批准号: 02452053
• 负责人: SHIMADA M.
• 金额: $ 2.37万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1990 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02452053/
• 关键词: High Confining Pressure; Elevated Temperature; Rock Mechanics; High-Pressure Type Fracture; Lithosphere Strength; Acoustic Emission; Elastic Wave Tomography; Fracture Nucleation; 高封圧・高温; 高圧再脆性化; 破壊形成核; 岩石破壊; 強度; 破壊機構; 弾性波トモグラフィ-; 破壊機構の変化

1. Triaxial compression test was conducted at confining pressure up to 3 GPa and temperature to 300ﾟC. It was confirmed that the fracture mechanism changes at elevated temperature when the compressive strength becomes equal to the frictional strength, from ordinary brittle fracture (low-pressure type) to a high-pressure type fracture. The high-pressure type fracture is considered to be predominant in the earth's crust, excepting in the case of very high pore pressure. Combining these experimental results with the estimation of the scale effect on the rock strength, a new model for the lithosphere strength was proposed.2. An analysis of the AE data on genesis which had been measured more precisely both in the low-and high-pressure regimes, showed that the behavior of b-value before the final fracture changes between the both types of fracture.3. From the experiments on eclogite, the high pressure embrittlement was found to be a characteristic phenomenon for the rocks which exhibit cataclastic ductile behavior.4. A process of fracture nucleation was clarified from the measurement of elastic wave velocity through many paths in a rock specimen by the aid of elastic wave tomography under confining pressure by means of a new designed friction-less piston.

1.在围压3GPa、温度300 ℃条件下进行了三轴压缩试验。可以确认，当压缩强度变得等于摩擦强度时，断裂机制在高温下发生变化，从普通脆性断裂（低压型）变为高压型断裂。高压型断裂被认为是地壳中的主要断裂，除了在非常高的孔隙压力的情况下。将这些实验结果与岩石强度尺度效应的估计相结合，提出了一个新的岩石圈强度模型.通过对低压区和高压区更精确测量的声发射成因数据的分析，发现最终破裂前b值的行为在两种类型的破裂之间发生变化.通过对榴辉岩的实验研究，发现高压脆化是具有碎裂韧性的岩石的特征现象.本文利用一种新设计的无摩擦活塞，在围压条件下，通过弹性波层析成像技术，对岩石试件中多路弹性波速度的测量，阐明了岩石破裂成核的过程。

项目成果

M.Shimada: "Comment on “The Effects of Pressure and Porosity on the Micromechanics of the BrittleーDuctile Transition in Quartzite"by Greg Hirth and Jan Tullis" Journal of Geophysical Research. 96. 11877-11879 (1991)

M.Shimada：“Greg Hirth 和 Jan Tullis 所著的“压力和孔隙度对石英岩脆性-延性转变微观力学的影响”的评论”《地球物理研究杂志》96。11877-11879 (1991)。

H.Yukutake: "Fracture Nucleation Process in Intact Rocks." Tectonophysics.

H.Yukutake：“完整岩石中的断裂成核过程”。

Shimada, M.: "Experimental earthquake prediction" The Earth Monthly, Extra. Vol.4. 168-173 (1992)

Shimada, M.：“实验地震预测”地球月刊，额外。

Yukutake, H.: "Fracture nucleation process in intact rocks" Tectonophysics. 211. 247-257 (1992)

Yukutake, H.：“完整岩石中的断裂成核过程”构造物理学。

Shimada, M.: "Confirmation of two types of fracture in granite deformed at temperatures to 300ﾟC" Tectonophysics. 211. 259-268 (1992)

Shimada, M.：“确认在 300°C 温度下变形的花岗岩中的两种类型的断裂”，构造物理学，211. 259-268 (1992)。