Ice core analyses for 1000 year climatic and environmental records in Bi-polar Region.

冰原和冰川是在不同的条件下形成的，这取决于该地区当地的气候环境。通过对各地区沉积环境的识别，冰芯分析不仅可以明确局部沉积环境，还可以明确全球沉积环境。为了实现这一目标，有必要用相同的方法处理不同的冰芯，并给予冰芯不依赖于当地环境的时间尺度。我们从两极地区的冰芯中获得了各种各样的数据，其中一些数据被用来估计冰芯的年代和过去的沉积环境。近年来，随着技术的进步，新获得的各种数据被用于估算。在项目中，我们考虑了目前正在发展的新方法，覆盖了经典的方法，并试图一次找到不同地区岩心的标准岩心分析方法。在估算沉积速率的基础上，利用冰川流动模型对整个冰芯进行了一级定年。根据火山活动产生的物质的浓度和冰层中出现的人工放射性核素的浓度，确定了冰芯的几个时间标记。通过与流体模型和时间标记的相互关联，确定了岩心的最终定年。利用稳定同位素（deltaO^<18>）、主要海盐成分、微粒子和人类活动的人工物质的垂直分布，估计了古温度和降水速率的波动以及沉积环境。通过地核测年资料将地核的垂直波动转化为周期波动，建立了这一百年来包括两极地区在内的古全球气候系统。近年来，火山活动反映在冰芯中被认为是识别沉积日期的有用指标，特别是对北极地区的冰芯而言。利用直流电导率法和介电剖面法对极地冰芯进行了分析，得到了一些连续的数据。在南极洲的岩心中发现了许多火山活动的信号。特别是Tanbora（1815）和Unknown（1601）活动的信号在两个极区都被识别出剖面，并被确认为南极冰川和北极冰川测年的标记层。由于几乎所有的信号还没有被识别出来，我们在调查进展中仍然有很大的可能性作为时间标记。虽然作为南极冰川特征的沉积环境（间断期、年降水量的大波动）使岩心记录更加复杂，但这样的调查将使岩心资料更加丰富

The ice sheets and glaciers were constructed under the various conditions depending upon the local climatic environments in the region. By identify the sedimentary environments in various regions, the ice core analyses possibly make clear the global environments as well as the local sedimentary environment. For the pursuit, it is necessary to treat the various ice cores with the same procedure and to give the cores the time scales not depending upon the local environments. We obtained various data from the ice cores in both polar regions, some of which were utilized for the estimations of core dating and of the past sedimentary environments. Recently with the progress of technology, the various kinds of data were newly obtained and used for the estimation. In the project, we consider the new methods now in progress, covering the classic methods, and try to find the standard core analytical methods for the cores in various regions at once. With the estimation of sedimentation rate, the … More first order dating for the whole ice core was carried out from the glacier flow models. Several time markers for the ice cores were determined from the information for the concentrations of the substances originating from the volcanic activities and of the artificial radio nuclides occurring in the ice layer. The final core dating was carried out by the mutual correlation with the flow models and the time markers. The vertical distributions of stable isotopes (deltaO^<18>) , the main components derived from the sea salts, micro particles and the artificial substances from human activities were obtained to estimate the fluctuations of the paleo temperature and precipitation rate as well as the sedimentary environments. The vertical fluctuations in the core were translated into periodical one by the core dating data to create the paleo global climate system in these hundred years including both polar regions. Recently the volcanic activities reflected in the ice core were considered to be the useful indicator to recognize the date of deposition, especially for the cores in Arctic region. Both of DC electric conductivity method and Dielectric profile method were utilized to the ice cores in both polar regions and some continuous data were obtained. Many signals of the volcanic activities were detected in the cores in Antarctica. Especially the signals from the activities of Tanbora(1815) and of Unknown(1601) were detected in both polar region with the recognized profiles and confirmed to be the marked layer for the dating in the Antarctic glaciers as well as the Arctic glaciers. As almost all signals have not been recognized yet, there remains much possibility for us to use as the time markers in the progress of the investigation. Though the sedimentary environments (hiatus periods, large fluctuation of the annual precipitation), which characterize the Antarctic glaciers, have made the core records more complicated, such an investigation will make the core data more us Less