Studies on Atmosphere-Cryosphere Interation and the Variation in the Arctic Region

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The objectives of this study are (1) to examine various enclosure mechanisms of atmospheric substances such as aerosol particles and rare gas components from air into surface snow layers, (2) to disclose the meteorological characteristics affecting the above enclosure processes, and (3) to understand the " sedimentation" processes of these substances in firn/ice layers of glaciers and ice sheets by taking snow depositions, metamorphic modifications and surface snow melting into considerations.Two snow/ice cores were augered ; one from Summit, Central Greenland which locates in dry snow facies, and the other from Brogger glacier ice cap, Northwest Spitsbergen which locates in percolation/soaked facies. Chemical analyses and solid particle measurements were conducted on these two cores for multiparameter and cross-correlation investigations. Snow depositional characteristics and the metamorphic processes were observed at Krone glacier near west coast of Spitsbergen Island throughout the year. Major ionic and isotope analyses were made on annual snow layers for chemical concentration changes during the year.The lower biomass activities including algae production were studied by considering the nutriments distribution at the surface of the glacier during summer period. The results show that concentrations of biomass-origin substances are potential indicators of climatic/environmental conditions. The detailed analyses are continued.