Studies on Atmosphere-Cryosphere Interation and the Variation in the Arctic Region

北极地区大气-冰冻圈相互作用及变化研究

• 批准号: 03041089
• 负责人: WATANABE Okitsugu
• 金额: $ 12.16万
• 依托单位: National Institute of Polar Research
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for international Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1992
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03041089/
• 关键词: Ice Core; Climatic; Environmental Indicator; Polar Climatic; Environmental Changes; スバルバール諸島; 大気-雪氷相互作用; 北極ヘイズ; 大気ー雪氷間相互作用; 気候・環境シグナル; 氷河の質量収支・熱収支; 氷床コア; 垂直マイクロ波レ-ダ-観測; 大気微量成分; スバルバ-ル諸島; グリ-ンランド氷床

The objectives of this study are (1) to examine various enclosure mechanisms of atmospheric substances such as aerosol particles and rare gas components from air into surface snow layers, (2) to disclose the meteorological characteristics affecting the above enclosure processes, and (3) to understand the " sedimentation" processes of these substances in firn/ice layers of glaciers and ice sheets by taking snow depositions, metamorphic modifications and surface snow melting into considerations.Two snow/ice cores were augered ; one from Summit, Central Greenland which locates in dry snow facies, and the other from Brogger glacier ice cap, Northwest Spitsbergen which locates in percolation/soaked facies. Chemical analyses and solid particle measurements were conducted on these two cores for multiparameter and cross-correlation investigations. Snow depositional characteristics and the metamorphic processes were observed at Krone glacier near west coast of Spitsbergen Island throughout the year. Major ionic and isotope analyses were made on annual snow layers for chemical concentration changes during the year.The lower biomass activities including algae production were studied by considering the nutriments distribution at the surface of the glacier during summer period. The results show that concentrations of biomass-origin substances are potential indicators of climatic/environmental conditions. The detailed analyses are continued.

本研究的目的是(1)研究大气中气溶胶粒子和稀有气体成分等大气物质进入地表雪层的各种封闭机制；(2)揭示影响上述封闭过程的气象特征；(3)通过考虑积雪沉积、变质改造和地表积雪融化，了解这些物质在冰川和冰盖的雪/冰层中的“沉积”过程。对这两个岩心进行了化学分析和固体颗粒测量，进行了多参数和互相关研究。在斯匹茨卑尔根岛西海岸附近的克龙冰川，全年观测到了雪的沉积特征和变质过程。对年内雪层的化学浓度变化进行了主要的离子和同位素分析，并考虑了夏季冰川表面营养物质的分布，研究了包括藻类生产在内的低生物量活动。结果表明，生物量来源物质的浓度是气候/环境条件的潜在指标。详细的分析还在继续。

项目成果

Kameda,T.et al.: "450-year summer climate signals from melt feature profile in south Greenland ice core" Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Little Ice Age Climate. (1992)

Kameda,T.et al.：“来自格陵兰岛南部冰芯融化特征剖面的 450 年夏季气候信号”小冰期气候国际研讨会论文集。

H. Enomoto, S. Takahashi, S. Kobayashi, K. Goto-Azuma and O. Watanabe: "Large variations in winter temperature around Svalbard" Bulletin of Glacier Research. 11.

H. Enomoto、S. Takahashi、S. Kobayashi、K. Goto-Azuma 和 O. Watanabe：“斯瓦尔巴群岛周围冬季温度的巨大变化”冰川研究公报。

渡辺 興亜: "氷床コア中の気候・環境シグナルはどのように形成されるか" 地学雑誌. 100. 988-1006 (1991)

Koa Watanabe：“冰芯中的气候和环境信号是如何形成的？”地质杂志 100. 988-1006 (1991)

S.TAKAHASHI,S.KOBAYASHI and O.WATANABE: "Outline of the Japanese Arctic Glaciological Expedition in western Spitsbergen in 1991 and 1992" Bulletin of Glacier Research. 11.

S.TAKAHASHI、S.KOBAYASHI 和 O.WATANABE：“1991 年和 1992 年日本斯匹次卑尔根岛西部北极冰川考察概要”冰川研究公报。

庄子 仁: "グリ-ンランド ド-ムコアの気泡からクラスレ-ト水和物への変態" GRIPコア解析に関する国際シンポジュ-ム. (1993)

Hitoshi Shoko：“格陵兰穹顶核心从气泡到笼形水合物的转变”国际 GRIP 核心分析研讨会（1993 年）。