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A Study on Utility and improvement of Sensory Substitute Devices for Education Engineering of the Hearing Impaired.

听障教育工程感觉替代装置的实用与改进研究。

基本信息

批准号：
02452300
负责人：
IFUKUBE Tohru
金额：
$ 3.71万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. A new display method of vibration patterns was proposed in order to improve the recognition of consonants by our fingertip tactile vocoder for the deaf.(1) One of the reasons why consonant parts could not be so much recognized as vowels was found to be caused by temporal masking based on psychophysical experiments. To solve the above problem, the speech spectrum patterns were displayed on a fingertip with swept mode using a small vibrator matrix with 16 rows.(2) Two-point thresholds were measured in the various conditions while sweeping two vibrating points on a fingertip. The optimal swept speed was obtained from the experiments. It was ascertained that the temporal masking of consonant parts by vowels could be avoided by using the optimal swept speed.2. A new model of an extracochlear prosthesis has been designed for deaf infants and children.(1) We have developed a Pt-Ir electrode coated with polyvinyl alcohol gel which contains a saline solution. The coated electrode is suitable for the extracochlear prosthesis because it can firmly adhere to the round window membrane without causing damage so that the residual hearing of patients may not be lost.(2) In our telemetry method, the output of the speech processor is transmitted with electromagnetic coupling from the first coil inside the earmold to the second coil implanted under the skin of an external ear. Using this method, the subject only has to receive a very minor operation. Our cochlear prosthesis may possibly be applied to even a small child.(3) As a speech coding method. a new idea has been proposed to simultaneously transmit the pitch signal and the second formant frequency through an electrode. It took about 20 ms to detect the pitch signal and the second formant frequency by using a digital signal processor. This new method of speech coding has proven effective for discrimination of the five Japanese vowels based on simple tests.

1.为了提高指尖触觉声码器对聋人辅音的识别能力，提出了一种新的振动模式显示方法。(1)基于心理物理实验发现，辅音部分不能像元音那样被识别的原因之一是时间掩蔽。为了解决上述问题，使用16行的小型振子矩阵将语音频谱模式以扫描方式显示在指尖上。(2)扫描指尖上的两个振动点，测量不同条件下的两点阈值。通过实验得出了最佳扫速。结果表明：1.采用最佳扫频速度可以避免元音对辅音部分的时间掩蔽。为聋儿和儿童设计了一种新型人工耳廓。(1)研制了一种含有生理盐水的聚乙烯醇凝胶涂层铂-Ir电极。涂层电极可以牢固地附着在圆窗膜上而不会造成损伤，从而不会丢失患者的残余听力，因此适合于人工耳廓外假体。(2)在我们的遥测方法中，语音处理器的输出通过电磁耦合从耳模内的第一个线圈传输到植入外耳皮肤下的第二个线圈。使用这种方法，受试者只需接受非常小的操作。我们的人工耳蜗甚至可能适用于一个小孩子。(3)作为一种语音编码方法。提出了一种通过电极同时传输基音信号和第二共振峰频率的新想法。使用数字信号处理器检测基音信号和第二共振峰频率大约需要20ms。这种新的语音编码方法在简单测试的基础上证明了对五个日语元音的识别是有效的。