symtheses of new carbonaceous mesophase pitch using HF/BF_3

综述了芳烃中间相沥青的制备、结构、性能及各种应用，阐明了芳烃中间相沥青在碳科学技术中的独特性质。发现HF/BF_3催化剂能将多种芳烃低聚成二聚体至十聚体不等的低聚体，并携带芳基生成的环烷氢，反映了芳烃的起始结构和聚合条件。例如，100%各向异性螺距的软化点为210 ~ 300‰。中间相沥青的产碳率在常压下达到80 ~ 90%，在3.1 MPa下达到90%以上。高的空气氧化反应性和惰性气氛下的热稳定性是该沥青的另一个优点。这些特性使其在碳纤维、碳带、复合材料、高密度碳、多孔碳复合材料和碳陶瓷复合材料中得到了广泛的应用。

Preparation, structure, properties and a variety of application of mesophase pitches from aromatic hydrocarbons were examined to clarify their unique natures in the carbon science and technology. It was found HF/BF_3 catalyst oligomerizes a variety of aromatic hydrocarbons into oligomeras ranging dimers to decamers, which carries naphthenic hydrogens produced through aryl-reflecting their starting structure and polymerization conditions. For example, softening points of 100% anisotropic pitch range from 210 to 300ﾟC. The mesophase pitches showes excellent carbon yields of 80-90% under atmospheric pressure and over 90% under 3.1 MPa. High reactivity for oxidation in the air and thermal stability under inert atmosphere are additional advantage of the present pitch. Such properties allow a number of their applications for the carbon fiber, carbon tape, composites, high density carbon, porous carbon composite and carbon ceramic composite.