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Studies on the annuality and perenniality in the genus Oryza

稻属一年生性和多年生性的研究

基本信息

批准号：
02454038
负责人：
TAKASAKI Yasuo
金额：
$ 4.54万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-02454038/
关键词：
Oryza sativa Oryza glaberrima Annual Perennial Leaf senescence ^<13>C Translocation Chlorophyll content プロテア-ゼ活性 ^<13>CO_2 貯蔵炭水化物

项目摘要

The purpose of this study is to clarify the physiological characteristics of annuals and perennials in the genus Oryza. W492, a strain of O. glaberrima, and Norin no. 22, a cultivar of O. sativa were compared to ascertain (i) the accumulation pattern of dry matter into panicles (ii) leaf senescence and (iii) translocation of assimilates into plant parts. We consider W492 to be annual because it dies within one year even under a 24hr photoperiod-12hr/12hr temperature of 25/20ﾟC and we consider Norin no. 22 to be perennial because it continues growing mare than one year under natural day length-day/night temperature of 25/20ﾟC.The dry matter accumulation pattern in panicles was almost the same in both strains, though W492 was a little faster than Norin no. 22 at the early stage of ripenning. However, this was not in consonance with the results of the preliminary trial which showed that the accumulation of dry matter in panicles was much more faster in W492 than in Koshihikari (a cultivar of O. sativa). More experiments will be needed to confirm this fact.Leaf senescence indicated by chlorophyll content, SPAD values of a chlorophyll metre reading and nitrogen content was faster in W492 than in Norin no. 22. The difference in senescence between annual and perennial was very clear.The rate of ^<13>C distributed to the various plant parts showed that the translocation of assimilates to panicles continued till later stage in Norin no. 22 than in W492. As the leaf area per plant of W492 decreased more rapidly than Norin no. 22, assimilating capacity per plant of W492 declined more sharply than Norin no. 22. Therefore, while Norin no. 22 was able to reserve some assimilates in the stubble during ripenning stage, W492 was not able to do so.More detailed experiments are necessary to generalize the results on annuality and perenniality.

本研究旨在阐明稻属一年生和多年生植物的生理特性。W 492是一株O. glaberrima和野百合22号（Norin no.22）;的干物质积累模式，（ii）叶片衰老和（iii）同化物向植株各部分的转运。我们认为W 492是一年生的，因为它在24小时光周期-12小时/12小时温度25/20 ℃下一年内死亡，我们认为Norin no.22是多年生的，因为它在25/20 ℃的自然日照-昼夜温度下持续生长超过一年。而W 492在成熟前期略快于Norin 22。但这与前期试验结果不一致，前期试验结果表明W 492穗部干物质积累比越光快得多。sativa）。需要更多的实验来证实这一事实。W 492的叶片衰老速度比Norin no. 22快，这是由叶绿素含量、叶绿素计阅读的SPAD值和氮含量来表示的。一年生和多年生水稻的衰老差异很明显，^<13>C在植株各部位的分配率表明，诺临22号的同化物向穗的运转持续到后期，而W 492的运转持续到后期。由于W 492的单株叶面积下降速度快于Norin 22号，因此W 492的单株同化能力下降速度也快于Norin 22号。因此，野林22号在成熟期留茬，而W 492则不能。