A Study on the Cost and Benefit of Firms' Recruitment and Students' Job Seeking

企业招聘与学生求职的成本与效益研究

• 批准号: 03451047
• 负责人: IWAKI Hideo
• 金额: $ 1.73万
• 依托单位: Japan Women's University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1991 至 1993
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-03451047/
• 关键词: Cost of Recruiting New Graduates; Comparison of Schools and Colleges; Free Application on the Market; Application by Institution Recommendation; Cost of Job Search; Recruitment Success Rate; Subjective Satisfaction towards Job Search; 新規学年採用経費

In 1992, I administered a questionnaire survey to 1,683 firms all over Japan on the cost and return of their recruiting activities towards new graduates from schools and colleges. In all, 537 firms responded to it. Main findings from this survey can be summarized into the following three points.First, firms hire new graduates through two main channels, namely through institutions and markets. The former can be found where firms accept graduates formaly recommended by high schools and also where firms accept science and engineering students semi-formally recommended by professors. The latter can be found where firms select among humanities, business and law college students who get in touch with firms which they know from various PR media such as recruitment magazines.Second, firms expended 694,000 Yen per one recruits mostly to run advertisement in various media. New school/college graduates who got jobs this year amounted to 1,554,000. Consequently, firms payd all in all over 1,000,00 … More 0,000,000 Yen to nourish their market channels.Third, notwithstanding this huge cost, market channels bring not so big benefits as those brought by institution channels. Those group of firms which depended most heavily on market channels could attain 92.1% success rate (recruited graduates/the planned figure), while those firms which depended least on market attained 83.6%. The lead is only 10%, and further, not significant statistically.In 1993, I then administered a questionnaire survey to 3,630 new college graduates concerning the cost of and subjective satisfaction from their job seeking activities. In all, 693 responded to it. Main finding from this survey can be summarized into three. First, on the average, they spared 28.8 days and used 55,000 Yen on their job seeking. Second, while those who sought jobs through market channels spended 34.6 days until the end of their activities, those who got jobs through institution channels spared 21.5 days which is significantly lesser than 34.6 days. Third, these two groups of graduates showed no difference as regards subjective satisfaction towards their job search activities. Both groups were commonly dissatisfied by the lack of the know-how to judge the contents of aspired firms, and also by ignorance about their own aptitudes.These two researches suggest that the huge cost which firms and students pay for market channels is almost an extravagant expenditure, and needs to be cut by active intervention of colleges in the way of scrupulous career guidance to their students. Less

1992年，我对日本各地的1,683家公司进行了一项问卷调查，调查对象是学校和大学应届毕业生的招聘活动的成本和回报。总共有 537 家公司对此做出了回应。本次调查的主要结果可以概括为以下三点。 第一，企业招聘应届毕业生主要通过机构和市场两个渠道。前者既包括企业接受高中正式推荐的毕业生，也包括企业接受教授半正式推荐的理工科学生。后者是企业挑选人文、商业和法律专业的大学生，他们通过招聘杂志等各种公关媒体与企业取得联系。其次，企业每招聘一名员工花费 694,000 日元，主要用于在各种媒体上投放广告。今年应届毕业生就业155.4万人。因此，企业总共花费了超过1,000,00... 更多 0,000,000 日元来培育他们的市场渠道。第三，尽管成本巨大，但市场渠道带来的效益并不如制度渠道带来的效益大。对市场渠道依赖程度最高的企业成功率达到92.1%（招聘毕业生/计划数），而对市场依赖程度最低的企业达到83.6%。领先幅度仅为10%，而且统计上并不显着。 1993年，我对3630名应届大学毕业生进行了问卷调查，调查了他们求职活动的成本和主观满意度。总共有 693 条回复。本次调查的主要发现可归纳为三点。首先，平均来说，他们在求职上花费了28.8天和55,000日元。其次，通过市场渠道就业的人到活动结束为止的时间为34.6天，而通过机构渠道就业的人则用了21.5天，明显少于34.6天。第三，两组毕业生对求职活动的主观满意度没有差异。这两类人普遍对缺乏判断企业内容的专业知识以及对自己资质的无知感到不满。这两项研究表明，企业和学生为市场渠道支付的巨额成本几乎是一笔奢侈的支出，需要通过大学的积极干预，对学生进行严格的职业指导来削减。较少的

项目成果

岩本 秀夫: "学卒採用方式の評価研究(1)ー採用経費の観点からー" 広島大学・大学教育研究センタ-『大学論集』. 第23集. (1993)

岩本秀夫：“毕业生招聘制度的评价研究（1）——从招聘成本的角度——”广岛大学大学教育研究中心-大学论文集23。（1993）