Ecophysiological studies on the mechanisms for appearance and disappearance of species in successional stages.

演替阶段物种出现和消失机制的生态生理学研究。

基本信息

批准号：
62480005
负责人：
IWAKI Hideo
金额：
$ 4.29万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Mechanisms for successional appearance, replacement.and disappearance of species were studied for three ecological scenes in common Successional processes in warm-temperate Japan: 1. cyclic replacement of species in anaquatic habitat; 2. invasion of heliophilic trees into Miscanthus sinensis grassland; 3. recruitment of pioneer trees from seeds in early secondary succession. Detailed measurements on temporal and micro-spatial heterogeneity of light environment within plant communities were performed to evaluate the distribution of the microsites in which seedlings of a certain species can survive and establish. Various physiological and life-history parameters associated with growth and reproduction were measured for Quercus serrata, a representative species invading into Miscanthus sinensis grassland, Nelumbo nucifera and Nuphar japonicum, the aquatic plants involving in the cyclic species-replacement in Lake Kasumigaura, and Rhus javanica and Mallotus japonica, typical pioneers appearing immediately after forest clearing or fire. The main results and conclusions are: 1. Biomass allocation and longevity of heterophylous leaves in the aquatic plants seem to play important roles in intra- and interspecific competition and occupation of two-dimensional life space in an aquatic habitat. 2. There is a great micro-spatial heterogeneity in light availability, within a Miscanthus sinensis canopy. Although, the microsites with 'Permissible light-availability levels for survival and establishment of Quercus serrata seedlings are relatively abundant, the survival and growth of the individual seedlings depend on the light availability level of the microsite. The large seed size and the morphological and growth responses to shading have important ecological significances in successful invasion of the species into the grassland. 3.Gap-detection in seed germination of pioneer tree species can effectively raise seedling fitness in gaps.

在日本温暖的日本中，研究了三个生态场景的三个生态场景的物种的机制：1。隔离栖息地中物种的循环替代； 2。入侵热嗜性树进入森林杂志的草原； 3。在继任早期继承中从种子中招募先锋树。对植物群落中光环境的时间和微空间异质性进行了详细的测量，以评估某个物种可以生存和建立的微座的分布。 Various physiological and life-history parameters associated with growth and reproduction were measured for Quercus serrata, a representative species invading into Miscanthus sinensis grassland, Nelumbo nucifera and Nuphar japonicum, the aquatic plants involving in the cyclic species-replacement in Lake Kasumigaura, and Rhus javanica and Mallotus japonica, typical pioneers appearing immediately森林清理或开火后。主要结果和结论是：1。水生植物中杂叶的生物量分配和寿命似乎在水生栖息地中二维生命空间的种间和种间竞争和职业中起着重要作用。 2。在森西斯的冠层内，在光的可用性中有很大的微空间异质性。虽然，具有允许的光得多水平的微型物质生存和建立serrata幼苗的生存和建立相对丰富，但单个幼苗的存活和生长取决于微材料的光的可用性水平。大种子大小以及对阴影的形态和生长反应在成功入侵草原方面具有重要的生态意义。 3.先驱树种种子发芽中的gap检测可以有效地提高间隙中的幼苗适应性。