Morphological analysisi of bacterial capsule by freeze-substitution technique.

用新的电子显微镜固定技术对肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌胶囊的超微结构进行了观察，得到了以下新的发现。结果：1.胶囊由细胞表面呈放射状排列的细小纤维层组成。金黄色葡萄球菌的包膜没有覆盖整个细胞表面。被包裹的菌株表面的一部分暴露在外面3。抗O血清可穿透K1的包膜层。肺炎杆菌，但抗磷壁酸血清不能穿透金黄色葡萄球菌。金黄色葡萄球菌的衣壳似乎具有阻隔高分子物质穿透的功能。由于细菌的反复洗涤，胶囊肿胀，失去了电子密度。抗包膜血清诱导包膜层肿胀。FAB或半分子免疫球蛋白也可引起肿胀。这表明，即使是单反应抗体也能引起肿胀。

The fine structures of the capsules of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus were examined with new fixation technique for electron microscopy and following new findings were obtained.1. The capsules were consisted of the layer of the fine fibers which were arranged radially on the cell surface.2. The capsule of S. aureus did not cover the entire cell surface. Some part of the surface of encapsulated strains were exposed to outside3. The anti-O serum penetrated the capsule layer of Kl. pneumoniae, but the anti-teichoic acid serum did not penetrate the layer of S. aureus. The capsule of S. aureus seemed to have a function of the barrier for the penetration of high molecular materials.4. By repeated washing of the bacteria the capsule swelled and lost of its electron density.5. The anti-capsule serum induced the swelling of the capsular layer.6. Fab or half molecule of IgG could also induce the swelling. This showed that even monoreactive antibody could induce the swelling.