Analysis of Functional Structures of the Bacterial Virulence Factors by the Technique of the Freeze-Substitution.

本文介绍了一种新的电镜固定技术--快速冷冻置换固定法，并应用于肺炎克雷伯菌和金黄色葡萄球菌荚膜结构的观察。这两种细菌的荚膜反应不同，针对的是攻击细胞壁的抗抗体。抗O血清穿透细胞囊膜层，到达细胞壁表面。pneumoniae的荚膜，而S.金黄色葡萄球菌作为抗磷壁酸抗体渗透的屏障。用抗血清处理囊膜后，囊膜层电子密度明显降低.然而，这种现象并不意味着从细胞表面去除了荚膜材料，因为抗荚膜抗体仍然广泛地与荚膜层反应。

A new fixation technique for electron microscopy, the rapid freezing and substitution fixation, has been developed and applied on the examination of the structure of the capsule of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Staphylococcus aureus. The capsules of these two bacteria different reactions for the attack of the anti-cell wall antibodies. The anti-O serum penetrated the capsular layer and reached on the cell wall surface of Kl. pneumoniae but the capsule of S. aureus act as a barrier for the penetration of the anti-teichoic acid antibody. The electron density of the capsular layer greatly reduced after the treatment the capsule with antisera. This phenomenon, however, doe not mean the removal of the capsular materials from cell surface, since the anti-capsular antibody still extensively reacted with the capsular layer.