Sequential Production of Solid Spherical Shells by Thermo-fluid Flow Controll

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The mass production of mm-sized solid spherical shells is studied using the sequential production device of liquid shells in liquid-liquid-gas systems. The production device comprises of the cylindrical vessel containing the two immiscible liquids and the gas injection nozzle at the center of the bottom. By controlling the gas flow rate through the nozzle and by selecting the liquids with suitable properties, the liquid shells are sequentially produced at the horizontal interface between the two immiscible liquids. The solid spherical shells are produced by solidifying the liquid shells, which move upward because of the buoyancy force, by the temperature control of the surrounding liquid. The basic flow patterns of the liquid shell, the natural convection of the surrounding liquid, the heat-mass transfer characteristics, the deformation behavior and the interface oscillation are studied in detail. These studies are made numerically using a super computer. Particularly, it is the first time to investiate the flow patterns around the liquid shells moving at relatively large velocity. Furthermore, the validity of the numerical analysis is confirmed by comparison with the experimental data. Consequently, the suitable thermalflow conditions of production device are clarified. The production frequency increases by the suitable thermal-flow conditions of production device are clarified. The production frequency increases by the obtained practical data. The maximum production frequency is about 20 although the previous value is less than 10.The results obtained here are published in the famous journals in fluid science, and receive the considerable attentions.