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Rainfall-Runoff Charasteristics and Runoff Simulations on Drainage Basin Consisting of Impervious Area and Pervious Area

不透水区和透水区流域降雨径流特征及径流模拟

基本信息

批准号：
04452293
负责人：
TANAKA Tsutomu
金额：
$ 2.18万
依托单位：
KOBE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Accompanying the recent rapid expansion of urban areas and the redevelopment of established urban districts, the impervious areas have increased, and sewer overflow and surface flooding in heavy rains have become frequent occurrences. In this report, on the basis of the observed results in an urbanized research basin consisting of impervious area and pervious area, the characteristics of rainfall runoff are considered, and modeling of runoff system and runoff simulations area performed. Then, the applications of this methodology are investigated on a practical view point.1. The one of main sewer area (6.16ha) in residential basin in Kobe City was selected as an objective research basin consisting of impervious area and pervious area. Hydrologic observations, field investigations on drainage basin system and measurements of stormwater flow rate have been performed, and then basic data for analysing the characteristics of rainfall runoff were obtained.2. Data on the stormwater runoff and … More the overflow and flooding that occurred in the research basin, especially the overflow and flooding in September 14, 1989, were collected and analyzed. As a result, the characteristics of stormwater runoff and processes of overflow and inundation have been derived.3. Model parameters of rainfall loss for the research basin were obtained by applying the method of analyzes taking the characteristics of rainfall loss of respective overland flow planes into account. Various overland flow planed were devided into impervious planes and pervious planes, and respective rainfall loss was calculated by taking depression storage into account in the case of impervious (overland flow) planes, and by taking depression storage and infiltration loss into account in the case of pervious (overland flow) planes.4. The runoff processes and their modeling have been considered, and the runoff simultations were performed. Then, the applicabilities of this method were investigated on a practical view point. Moreover, simplifications of the method of runoff simulation were also considered by applying the method of equivalent drainage basin.5. The relations between the increase of impervious overland flow planes and the characteristics of stormwater runoff with flooding were investigated applying the runoff simulation model. The results show to be useful for the evaluation of flooding risk.6. A simplified method for representing the properties of a ground cover was presented by utilizing LANDSAT-TM data. The time for distinguishing the land surfaces is fairly reduced by using this method. Less

近年来，随着城区的快速扩张和旧区的再开发，不透水面积不断增加，暴雨中的下水道溢流和地表淹水现象时有发生。本文根据一个由防渗区和透水区组成的城市化研究流域的观测结果，考虑了降雨径流的特征，并对径流系统和径流模拟区进行了模拟。然后，从实践的角度对该方法的应用进行了研究。选取神户市居民区主要下水道区域之一(6.16公顷)作为客观研究流域，由防渗区和透水区组成。通过水文观测、流域系统实地调查和雨水流量测量，获得了分析降雨径流特征的基础资料。暴雨径流和…数据进一步收集和分析了研究流域内发生的溢流和洪涝，特别是1989年9月14日的溢流和洪涝。得出了暴雨径流特征及漫溢淹没过程。应用分析的方法，考虑各坡面降雨损失的特点，得到了研究流域的降雨损失模型参数。将不同类型的坡面径流划分为不透水面和透水面，分别计算了不透水(陆面)面考虑洼地蓄水、透水(陆面)面考虑洼地蓄水和入渗损失的降雨损失。考虑了径流过程及其模拟，并进行了径流模拟。然后，从实用的角度对该方法的适用性进行了研究。此外，应用等效流域法对径流模拟方法进行了简化。应用径流模拟模型，研究了洪涝条件下地表不透水流面增加与雨水径流特征的关系。研究结果对洪水风险评价具有一定的参考价值。提出了一种利用Landsat-TM数据表示地被物特性的简化方法。该方法大大缩短了识别地表的时间。较少