Immunohistochemical Detection of Oncogene Products in Tumor cells in the Oral Cavity and Salivary Glands.

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Oncogene products, EGF receptor and PCNA were evaluated immunohistochemically in tumor cells from the oral cavity and salivary glands. Experimental carcinomas in hamster cheek pouch was also evaluated same manner and tissue effects for thermotherapy were studied pathologically and immunohistochemically.In normal oral mucosa and benign tumors, PCNA staining was found in basal cell nuclei, and EGF-r in cell membrane of basal and spinous cell layrs. In well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), PCNA positive nuclei were located basal and spinous cells and EGF-r positive cells were scattered in basal and spinous layr. In poorly differentiated SCC, PCNA positive nuclei were found most of tumor cells, while EGF-r was negative. In SCC, PCNA positive cell was devoid of EGF-r staining. P53 staining is limited to nuclei and about 50% of oral SCC were positive and frequency of p53 positive tumor cells was correlated to histological malignancy. In salivary gland tumors, c-erbB-2 was found in cell membrane of very few malignant cases. Normal salivary gland showed almost no PCNA postive cells in acini and ducts. About 5% of tumor cells in pleomorphic adenoma showed positive PCNA staining and over 20% in higher malignant salivary gland tumors. Experimental carcinoma in hamster cheek pouch, about 15% of tumor cells were positive for PCNA.After thermotherapy, tumor cells were characterized by diminsh and existance of apoptosis. Dilatation of blood vessels and infiltration of inflammatory cell were seen in tumor strom. Keratin staining in tumor cells were decreased, PCNA positive nuclei were remarkably decreased in number, and tenascin staining in tumor storom was enhanced after the thermotherapy. Oncogene products and EGF-r showed negative in experimental carcinoma.