OCCURENCE MECHANISUM OF SLUSHFLOW AND ITS HAZARD CHARACTERISTICS

泥流发生机制及危害特征

• 批准号: 05452374
• 负责人: KOBAYASHI Shunichi
• 金额: $ 3.58万
• 依托单位: NIIGATA UNIV.
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05452374/
• 关键词: Slushflow; Slush avalanche; Snow dam; Snow-melt flood; Viscosity; Impact force; Coagulational structure; Non-Newtonian; 擬塑性流体; 粘性率; 融雪水; 暖冬少雪; 豪雪

Slushflow and slush avalanche are rapid mass movements of water-saturated snow and occur every year no the eastern slope of Mt.Fuji in Japan, which causes deforostation near the timberline and natural disasters. In spite of recent warmer and less snow winter years, some slushflow disasters occurred not only at Mt.Fuji but also in some small rivers at Tohoku and Hokuriku districts. The most big slushflow disaster occurred in Japan was Ohzikari, Aomori Prefecture on March 22,1945. At that time eighty-eight people were killed and twenty houses crushed by the slushflow.To study a characteristic of slushflow, the mesurements of mechanical properties, impact forces and viscosity of the slush were carried out. Out experiments have shown that slush behaves as "pseudo-plastic" of non-Newtonian fluid with coagulational structures.

雪流和雪崩是日本富士山东坡每年发生的一种快速的饱水雪块运动，它造成了林线附近的森林破坏和自然灾害。尽管近年来冬季气温升高，降雪量减少，但不仅富士山，东北和北陆地区的一些小河流也发生了泥石流灾害。日本最大的泥石流灾害发生在1945年3月22日的青森县大紫狩。为了研究泥石流的特性，对泥石流的力学性质、冲击力和粘度进行了测定。实验结果表明，泥浆表现为具有凝固结构的非牛顿流体的“假塑性”。

项目成果

Kobayashi Shun'ichi et al.: "Slushflow disaster occurred at Tugaike ski field, Nagano Prefecture in 1990" Ann.Rep.Saigai-ken, Niigata Univ.15. 47-53 (1993)

小林俊一等人：“1990 年长野县 Tugaike 滑雪场发生泥石流灾难”Ann.Rep.Saigai-ken，Niigata Univ.15。

Kamiishi Isao et al.: "Experimental study on impact force of slushflow" Ann.Rep.Saigai-ken, Niigata Univ.16. 49-53 (1994)

Kamiishi Isao 等人：“泥流冲击力的实验研究”Ann.Rep.Saigai-ken，Niigata Univ.16。

Kobayashi S.and Izumi K.: "Slush flow disaster and its prevention" Proceedings of the Workshop on Snow and Ice Disaster Reduction,Tsukuba,Japan,March 16-19,1993. 59-64 (1993)

Kobayashi S.和Izumi K.：“雪泥流灾害及其预防”冰雪减灾研讨会论文集，日本筑波，1993 年 3 月 16-19 日。

青木滋 他2名: "積雪地帯での砂防技術" 新潟大学災害研年報. 15. 29-45 (1993)

Shigeru Aoki等2人：“雪地侵蚀控制技术”新泻大学灾害研究所年报15. 29-45 (1993)。

小林俊一・和泉薫: "Slushflow disaster and its prevention" Proceedings of the worRshop on snow and Ice Disaster Reduction. 59-64 (1993)

Shunichi Kobayashi 和 Kaoru Izumi：“泥流灾害及其预防”减少冰雪灾害研讨会论文集 59-64 (1993)。