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Development of efficient separation process of rare earth metals utilizing interfacial area

利用界面面积开发稀土金属高效分离工艺

基本信息

批准号：
05453103
负责人：
NAKASHIO Fumiyuki
金额：
$ 4.35万
依托单位：
KYUSHU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05453103/
关键词：
Rare Earth Metals Solvent Extraction Separation Surfactant Liquid Membrane Membrabe Extractor Hollow Fiber Interface 抽出錯化剤界面鋳型プラズマ重合

项目摘要

The separation process for rare earth metals requires a huge energy, because the separation of adjacent elements in the rare earth series is very difficult. Thus a new method to enhance the separation efficiency is desirable to simplify the separation process. In this study, we have developed several new separation techniques for rare earth metals utilizing an interfacial area such as an oil-water or a solid-water, and the following results were obtained :1. New synergistic agents have been developed for the selective separation of rare earth metals. By the addition of a small amount of the agent, the selectivity of rare earth metals was enhanced remarkably. The difference in interaction between the synergistic agent and rare earth ions at the oil-water interface results in an increase in the separation efficiency.2. A plasma-graft polymerization technique made it possible to modify the surface of a porous hollow-fiber membrane of poly (tetrafluoroethylene) with polyacrylamide layr. Separation of rare earth metals was conducted in the hollow-fiber membrane extractor modified by plasma-graft polymerization. When the surface-modified membrane was used, the separation factor increased by the interaction between the grafted layr and metal ions. The hollow-fiber membrane modified by plasma-graft polymerization was found to be very useful as a separator of rare earth metals.3. A novel molecular imprinting technique has been developed for a metal ion-selective resin. A surface-templated resin is prepared by an emulsion polymerization using a metal ion-binding (host) monomer, a resin matrix-forming comonomer and a targer (guest) metal ion. In this study, we have prepared several metal ion-imprinted resins by the novel technique. The interfacial activity of the host monomer was found to be a key factor to produce the imprinting effect.

稀土金属的分离过程需要巨大的能量，因为稀土系列中相邻元素的分离非常困难。因此需要一种提高分离效率的新方法来简化分离过程。在这项研究中，我们开发了几种利用油-水或固-水界面区域分离稀土金属的新技术，并获得了以下结果： 1．已开发出用于选择性分离稀土金属的新协同剂。通过添加少量的试剂，稀土金属的选择性显着提高。增效剂与稀土离子在油水界面相互作用的差异导致分离效率的提高。 2．等离子接枝聚合技术使得用聚丙烯酰胺层对聚四氟乙烯多孔中空纤维膜的表面进行改性成为可能。稀土金属的分离是在等离子体接枝聚合改进的中空纤维膜萃取器中进行的。当使用表面改性膜时，由于接枝层和金属离子之间的相互作用，分离因子增加。研究发现等离子体接枝聚合改性的中空纤维膜作为稀土金属分离器非常有用。 3．一种用于金属离子选择性树脂的新型分子印迹技术已被开发出来。表面模板化树脂是通过使用金属离子结合（主体）单体、树脂基质形成共聚单体和目标（客体）金属离子的乳液聚合来制备的。在这项研究中，我们通过新技术制备了几种金属离子印迹树脂。研究发现主体单体的界面活性是产生印迹效应的关键因素。