REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR OF DIMORPHIC MALES IN ANTS.

1)有翅蚁与无翅蚁交配器官的大小分化：研究了有翅蚁与无翅蚁交配器官的大小分化，并与bondroiti、h.sp、Cardiocondyla sp的二态雄蚁的交配器官进行了比较。有翅蚁的雄蚁喙板平均长度为0.392mm，无翅蚁的雄蚁喙板平均长度为0.211mm。有翅雌蜂的交配器官平均长度为0.441mm，无翅雌蜂的交配器官平均长度为0.305mm。这些结果表明，在该物种中，有翅和无翅生殖动物之间的交叉交配可能在形态学上是不可能的。另一方面，在其他已经观察到异交的物种中，雄性生殖器的差异就没有那么大了。2)二态拟角蚁的雄性及其生殖行为：该物种有二态无翅拟角蚁（雌雄同体）、二态生殖雌性（雌雄同体）和工蜂。主要的拟角兽雄性是所有群体成员中最大的。两只雄蜂在巢中互相争斗，直到其中一只消失，留下另一只占据蚁后出现和交配的巢室。小型的类ergatoid雄性也会相互争斗，尽管它们似乎不那么好斗，导致偶尔在同一个巢室中有多个小型雄性同居，大型雄性从不攻击小型雄性，允许它们在同一个巢室中共存。小雄性似乎在模仿雌性。3)琉球群岛流浪蚂蚁与特有蚂蚁的社会结构和生殖系统：对冲绳岛物种-栖息地关系的调查表明，露天土地以流浪蚂蚁为主，而原生林中有许多特有物种。本文简要地回顾和讨论了菊科植物的群落结构和生殖系统。次生一夫多妻制和一夫多妻制在这些物种中占主导地位。该系统的特点是内交配，这可以减少婚礼飞行的风险，并确保采用新的女王。如果工蜂照顾它们，形态和行为的多样性，尤其是雄性的，似乎就会发展起来。窄脉森林物种大多是一夫一妻制的。少

1) Size differentiation of copulatory organs between winged and wingless reproductives in the ant Technomyrmex albipes : The copulatory organs of dimorphic reproductives of Technomyrmex albipes were studied and compared with those of dimorphic males of Hypoponera bondroiti, H.sp.and Cardiocondyla sp. In T.albipes, the mean length of the aedeagal plate was 0.392mm in winged males and 0.211mm in wingless ones. The mean length of female copulatory organs was 0.441mm in winged females and 0.305mm in wingless ones. These results suggest that cross-mating between winged and wingless reproductives might be morphologically impossible in this species. On the other hand, the difference in male genitalia was not so great in other species in which cross-mating has been observed.2) Dimorphic ergatoid males and their reproductive behavior in the ponerine ant Hypoponera bondroiti : This species has dimorphic wingless ergatoid males (major and minor), dimorphic reproductive females (alate and ergatoid … More queens) and workers. Major ergatoid males are the largest of all the colony members. Two major males fought one another in the nest until one disappeared, leaving the other to occupy the nest chambers where queens emerge and mate. Minor ergatoid males also fought one another, although they seemed to be less pugnacious, resulting in occasional cohabitation of multiple minor males in the same nest chamber, Major males never attacked minor ones, allowing them to coexist in the same nest chamber. Minor males seemed to mimic females.3) Social structure and reproductive systems of tramp versus endemic ants of the Ryukyu Islands : A survey on species-habitat relationships made on the islands of Okinawa indicated that open lands were occupied predominantly by tramp species, but primary forests containd many endemic species. Colony structure and the reproductive system of the eurychoric species are briefly reviewed and discussed. A secondary polygynous and polydomous system is predominant in these species. This system is characterized by intranidal mating, which may reduce the risk in nuptial flights and ensure the adoption of new queens. A diversity in morphology and behavior, especially in male, seems to develop, provided the workers care for them. Stenochoric forest species are mostly monogynous. Less