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Attractive and Repellent Control of Insect Pest by Electronics.

通过电子技术对害虫进行引诱和驱避控制。

基本信息

批准号：
05660058
负责人：
KANMIYA Kenkichi
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
Kurume University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Some electronic techniques were used for physically controlling the populations of insect pests of agricultural and medical importance.(1) To control the fruit-piercing moths or lawn grass cutworms by ultrasonic signals, various kinds of parameters of synthetic sound signals and transducers were examined and tested base on echolocation pulses of predatory bats, as thebat sounds were known to induce the moths an intrinsic defensive maneuver of turn, diving or drop as soon as the moths received the sounds. The most effective ultrasonic signals were the frequency of 25kHz-CF sounds comprising about 30 pulses in 3-7sec intervals with a pulse-train of 30msec duration and 50msec intervals. The minimum sound amplitude was 30dB with a distance of 3m from the sound source by the integrated speaker made up of 101-units of condenser microphone.(2) A solar-charged, battery-powered electrocuting grid was combined with a synthetic sound trap to control wild mosquito populations. The synthetic sound-trap alternately produced species-specific wingbeat sounds for males and females that were produced by a multidimensional sound transducer generated by digital IC memory borads. The adults mosquito flies were effectively attracted in a cage experiments. The acoustically attracted adult mosquitoes were damaged or killed by the electrocuting grids powered with 30-50 volts. The new electronic device was more effective than sticky traps and avoid the manipulating problems to kill the flies.(3) To control the aphids, mites, and white-flies of pests in green houses, a new ultrasonic mist spray was tested. The droplet of the spray were about 10-30mu, and such a small-sized droplet decreases the loss of insecticide. The droplets were charged with possitive or negative electric charge with 2,000 volt, and was able to make electric fields which might yield some physiological effects to pest insects.

一些电子技术被用于对农业和医疗上重要的害虫进行物理控制。(1)为了利用超声波信号控制穿果蛾或草坪草蛾，以掠食性蝙蝠的回声定位脉冲为基础，对合成声音信号和换能器的各种参数进行了检测和测试，因为蝙蝠的声音一旦接收到声音，就会引起飞蛾的内在防御动作，如转身、俯冲或坠落。最有效的超声信号是频率为25kHz-CF的声音，包含约30个脉冲，间隔3-7秒，脉冲序列持续时间为30msec，间隔为50msec。由101个电容传声器组成的集成扬声器，在距离声源3m处，最小声幅为30dB。(2)将太阳能充电电池供电的电刑网与合成声音陷阱相结合，以控制野生蚊子的数量。合成的声音陷阱交替地为雄性和雌性产生特定的振翅声，这些振翅声是由数字IC存储器板产生的多维声音换能器产生的。用笼法对成蚊蝇进行了有效的诱蚊实验。用30 ~ 50伏特的电栅对声诱成蚊进行损伤或杀灭。这种新型的电子装置比粘捕器更有效，并且避免了在捕杀苍蝇时的操作问题。(3)为防治温室内蚜虫、螨虫、白蝇等害虫，试验了一种新型超声波喷雾法。喷雾滴量约为10-30亩，这样的小滴量减少了杀虫剂的损失。液滴带有2000伏的正电荷或负电荷，并能产生电场，对害虫产生一定的生理作用。