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Studies on the Control of Fruit-sucking Moths by Ultrasonic-Pulse Radiation.

超声波脉冲辐射防治食果蛾的研究。

基本信息

批准号：
01560058
负责人：
KANMIYA Kenkichi
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
Kurume University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1989 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

A new microelectronics technique of ultrasonic-pulse radiation were used for the control of noctuid moths which primarily sucked and injured various kinds of fruits in Japan. This method is applied on the fact that ultrasonic echolocation of predatory bats induce such moths an intrinsic defensive manoeuvre of turn, diving, looping, or drop as soon as they receive the ultrasonic echolocation from predatory bats A signal of shock-wave pulses and a high sound pressure with energy power were obtained by using solid state oscillator, pulse amplifier, and their integrated array loudspeaker. Ths ultrasonic apparatus is quite different from the usual acousticspeaker having a single-pointed sound source oscillated by sine waves.Ultrasonic signals of insectivorous bats were recorded and analyzed, and their acoustic parameters were investigated in order to reproduce synthetic signals. Moths were mounted in the various kinds of acoustic beams of synthetic ultrasonic signals during they were fluttering in tethered condition and their reaction power of flight to the signals were measured by a new actogram equipped with double semiconductor strain gauge sensors. Outputs of two sensors were fed into a memory recorder to measure the stresspowers and to obtain X-Y Lissajous figures.In the laboratory condition, results of flight reaction power of tethered moths showed their most effective reaction values at the continuous radiation of constant frequency of 20-30kHz with a duration of 500msec pulse in 7sec intervals, at least 50-60dB sound pressure levels, not necessary be the parameters reproduced from the bats ecolocation signals.

在日本，采用超声脉冲辐射的新型微电子技术防治以吸害水果为主的夜蛾。针对捕食性蝙蝠超声波回波定位后，飞蛾立即产生转身、俯冲、盘旋或坠落等内在防御动作的特点，利用固态振荡器、脉冲放大器及其集成阵列扬声器，获得了具有能量功率的冲击波脉冲和高声压信号。这种超声波设备与通常的单点声源由正弦波振荡的声学扬声器有很大的不同。对食虫蝙蝠的超声信号进行了记录和分析，并对其声学参数进行了研究，以期再现合成信号。将飞蛾置于不同类型的合成超声信号声束中，在系绳状态下振翅，利用一种新型的双半导体应变传感器能谱仪测量飞蛾对合成超声信号的飞行反作用。将两个传感器的输出送入存储器记录仪，测量应力功率并获得X-Y利萨焦氏图。在实验室条件下，系留飞蛾的飞行反应能力结果表明，在恒定频率20-30kHz、脉冲持续时间500msec、间隔7sec、声压级至少为50-60dB的连续辐射条件下，其最有效的反应值无需从蝙蝠生态定位信号中再现。