Evaluation of occupational stress related to inducing of cerebro・athero-sclerotic diseases and the community-wide preventions

有可能开发出有效且可靠的自我报告工具来测量跨越不同职业的压力源，即“通用”压力源。这项工作强调了可以通过习得的行为来改变人和环境的方面。结果就是职业压力清单（OSI）。这项工作的动机是，几乎没有采取任何措施来衡量个人如何调动对职业引起的压力的有效反应。我们根据以下社会角色和压力模型开发了三种相互关联的工具。我们推断，个人对其所承担的社会角色的看法对于他们对压力的反应至关重要。那么，OSI 量表对于评估工作组或组织内的问题、个人评估和咨询以及家庭讨论或治疗可能很有用。可以对模型中测量的三个区域中的任何一个进行干预。

It was possible to develop valid and reliable self-report instruments that could measure stressors that cut across different occupations, that is, "generic" stressors. The work emphasized the aspects of people and environments that were possible to modify through learned behavior. The result was the Occupational Stress Inventory (OSI).The work was motivated by the fact that little had been done to measure how individuals mobilize productive responses to occupationally induced stress. We developed three interrelated instruments based on the following model of social roles and stress. We reasoned that an individual's perception of the social roles they assume is of critical importance in their reaction to that stress. The OSI scales may be useful, then, for assessing problems within workgroups or organizations, for individuals assessment and counseling, and for family discussions or therapy. Interventions may be undertaken in any of the three demains measured in the model.