HISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF BLOOD GROUP-RELATED CARBOHYDRATE CHAINS BY USING LECTINS,MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES COMBINED WITH GLYCOSIDASE DIGESTION

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By using endo-beta-galactosidase-GSA-II staining procedure, histochemical demonstration of polylactosamine structure carrying blood group related antigens was carried out in normal human tissues such as pancreas, salivary glands, bronchial glands and stomach. The results revelaed the relationship between the pattern of expression of blood group antigens and endo-beta-galactosidase susceptible poly-N-acetyllactosamine in different normal tissues. By applying this procedure and staining with lectins specific to poly-N-acetyllactosamine such as DSA,PWM and LEA,backbone structures of blood group-related antigens expressed in thyroid neoplasms were examined. ABH related antigens expressed in these neoplasms were susceptible to endo-beta-galactosidase digestion. Endo-beta-galactosidase digestion disclosed the reactivity with GSA-II in thyroid papillary carcinomas but not other types of thyroid neoplasms. In addition, lectins specific to poly-N-acetyllactosamine selectively reacted with papillary carcinomas but not with other types of neoplasms. Thus, lectin or monoclonal antibody staining combined with endo-beta-galactosidase digestion is a powerful and useful means for detecting and analyzing backbone structures carrying blood-group-related antigens in normal and malignant human tissues.