Detection of cytokines in brain lesims of humans and animal model.

我们分析了3例亚急性硬化性全脑炎（SSPE）和1例进行性多灶性白质脑病（PML）患者的冷冻脑组织中IL-6、干扰素-γ、肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）和转化生长因子（TGF）-β的存在。我们在SSPE脑病变中检测到这些细胞因子，显示广泛的细胞浸润、脱髓鞘和神经胶质增生。此外，我们还检测了1例PML患者JC病毒抗原检测的脑病变组织中的IL-6、TNF-α、IFN-γ和TGF-β，结果表明，IL-6、IL-1 β、IFN-γ、TNF-α和TGF-β可能在SSPE和PML病变中产生，并可能参与了SSPE的病变发病机制（Nagano I等人：Neurology 1994 ; 44：710-715）。我们还报道了TNF-α阳性细胞占12名HTLV-1相关性脊髓病患者中6名的脑脊液细胞总数的1.6-18%和8.2-23.5%，并且在从炎性病例获得的所有样品中，我们检测了16例艾滋病患者和10例HIV-1血清对照者的腰骶背根神经节（DRG）的免疫病理学和HIV-1的表达。因此，我们的结论是，HIV-1的低水平复制，通过细胞毒性T淋巴细胞或细胞因子的表达，可能发挥作用的感觉神经元的亚临床变性中经常观察到的艾滋病患者的DRG。

We analyzed frozen brain tissues from three patients with subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) and a patient with progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) for the presence of IL-6, interferon-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and transforming grwoth factor (TGF) -beta. We detected these cytokines in SSPE brain lesions showing extensive cellular infiltrates, demyelination, and gliosis. Moreover, we also detected IL-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and TGF-beta in brain lesions detected JC virus antigens from a patient with PML.These results indicate that IL-6, IL-1beta, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and TGF-beta may be produced in SSPE and PML lesions, and may be involoved in the lesion pathogenesis of SSPE (Nagano I et al : Neurology 1994 ; 44 : 710-715).We also reported that TNF-alpha-positive cells constituted 1.6-18% and 8.2-23.5% of the total number of cerebrospinal fluid cells from six of 12 patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy and in all samples obtained from inflammatory cases, respectively.We examined the immunopathology and the expression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in lumbosacral dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) from 16 patients with AIDS and 10 HIV-1-serological controls. Therefore, we concluded that low levels of replication of HIV-1, through cytotoxic T lymphocytes or expression of cytokines, may play a role in the subclinical degeneration of sensory neurons frequently observed in DRGs of AIDS patients.