A STUDY ON THE BASIC DIRECTION OF POLICIES FOR SECURING AND SUPPORTING AGURICULTURAL AND FORESTRIES WORK-FORCE IN "THE UNFAVORABLE LIVING ENVIROMENT"

“恶劣生存环境”下保障和扶持农林劳动力政策基本方向研究

• 批准号: 06451126
• 负责人: KURITA Akiyoshi
• 金额: $ 1.34万
• 依托单位: THE INSTITUTE FOR SCIENCE OF LABOUR
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06451126/
• 关键词: HILLY AND MOUNTAINOUS AREAS; SHORTAGE OF AGRICULYURAL WORKFORCE; ULTRA-AGED SOCIETY; MECHANIZATION; EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF AGDE AND FEMALE WORKFORCE; U-TERN FARMERS; NEW ENTRANTS FROM URBAN AREAS; WILL AND ABILITY TO ENGAGE IN AGRICULTURE; 労働力確保

Securing and developing farming and forestry workforce in one of the most important tasks in Japanese hilly and mountainous areas today. This is shown by the known fact that aging of workers became apparent in agriculture and forestry about 20 years earlier then in urban areas and in other economic sectors. In hilly and mountainous rural areas, in particular, people of age 65 or more accounted for 21.7 per cent of the population already in 1995, a rate as high as the corresponding rate in urban areas in 2025 as a whole.However, the effects of the current economic recession have been exerting upon the shortage of workforce in agricultural and forestry sector. A lot of householders of part-time farmers employed in industry and services who have been aged groups of workers retired and have engaged in the agriculture sector as regularly engaged farmers. Further, there have been appearing many metropolitan elderly workers who hope to enter into the agricultural sector by choice of one "post … More -retirement life plans", about 8 per cent accounted for medium and minor enterprises elderly workers in case of the results of an investigation in 1995, and about 16 per cent of our previous study on major enterprises in 1993. On the other side, about 33 per cent accounted for agricultural cooperatives in hilly and mountainous areas had accepted U-tern farmers returning from urban areas or from other industries and about 14 per cent of them had received new entrants without previous farming experiences during the last jive years, while only 32 per cent of them had accepted new farmers following school graduation during the period in case of the results of a questionnaire study on all agricultural cooperatives in 1994. While half of the studied cooperatives mentioned mechanization as a measure being taken to secure workforce, the future measures favored by them included the effective utilization of aged and female workforce, administering farm lands and the support for U-turn from farmers and new entrants.Our conclusions thus point to the need of taking multi-faced measures adapted to each local situation. There is a clear need of accepting all sorts of persona who have the will and the ability to engage in agricultural and forestry labor. Less

保护和发展农业和林业劳动力是当今日本丘陵和山区最重要的任务之一。农业和林业工人的老龄化比城市地区和其他经济部门早20年左右就已明显，这一已知事实表明了这一点。特别是在丘陵和山区农村地区，1995年65岁或以上的人口已占人口的21.7%，这一比例与2025年整个城市地区的相应比例一样高，然而，目前经济衰退的影响一直在对农业和林业部门劳动力短缺产生影响。许多从事工业和服务业的兼职农民的户主是退休的老年工人群体，他们作为经常性的农民从事农业部门的工作。此外，出现了许多希望通过选择一个“职位”进入农业部门的大都市老年工人 ...更多信息 - 退休生活计划”，在一九九五年的调查结果中，中小型企业的年长雇员约占百分之八，而在一九九三年对大型企业进行的研究中，则约占百分之十六。另一方面，约33%的丘陵和山区农业合作社接受了从城市地区或其他行业返回的U型农民，其中约14%在过去15年中接受了没有农业经验的新加入者，而根据1994年对所有农业合作社进行的问卷调查的结果，在这一期间，只有32%的合作社在学校毕业后接纳了新农民。虽然有一半的被调查者认为机械化是保障劳动力的措施，但他们倾向于采取的未来措施包括有效利用老年和女性劳动力，管理农田以及农民和新进入者的支持。因此，我们的结论指出，需要采取多方面的措施，以适应当地的情况。明确需要接纳有意愿、有能力从事农林劳动的各类人员。少

项目成果

栗田明良: "SECURING AND SUPPORTING AGRICULTURAL WORK FORCE IN MOUNTAIN …AREAS" The Journal of Science of Labour. (PartII)72-1. 1-14 (1996)

Akira Kurita：“保障和支持山区农业劳动力”《劳动科学杂志》（第二部分）72-14（1996 年）。

栗田明良: "中山間レポート〈1〉〜〈8〉" 労働の科学. 49巻〜50巻. 4 (1995)

栗田晃：“中山报告 <1>-<8>”《劳动科学》第 49-50 卷（1995 年）。

栗田明良: "“高齢者の世紀"と水田農作業の課題" 農作業研究. 33-別2. 1-6 (1998)

Akira Kurita：“‘老年人的世纪’和稻田耕作问题”农业研究，第 33 部分 2. 1-6 (1998)。

Akiyoshi Kurita: "SECURING AND SUPPORTING AGRICULTURAL WORKFORCE IN MOUNTAIN AND SEMI-MOUNTAINOUS AREAS" J. Science of Labour, (Part II). Vol. 72-1. 1-14 (1996)

Akiyoshi Kurita：“保障和支持山区和半山区农业劳动力”J.《劳动科学》，（第二部分）。

栗田明良: "中山間地域における医療・福祉問題の展開" 労働科学. 71-12. 487-497 (1995)

Akira Kurita：“丘陵和山区的医疗和福利问题的发展”《劳动科学》71-12（1995）。