GEOCHEMICAL APPROACH FOR THE METEOROLOGICAL PHENOMENA AFFECTED TO TRANSPORT AND REMOVAL OF ATMOSPHERIC SUBSTANCES OVER OPEN OCEANS

影响公海大气物质迁移和清除的气象现象的地球化学方法

• 批准号: 06453010
• 负责人: UEMATSU Mitsuo
• 金额: $ 0.7万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido Tokai University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06453010/
• 关键词: Atmospheric deposition; Atmospheric aerosol; Marine sediments; Suspended particles; Nitrate particles; Natural radio nuclides; X ray micro-analysis; Pacific ocean; 大気下降物; 大気エアロソル; 懸濁物粒子

Eastern Asia contains many large pollution sources whose emissions could be transported over large areas of the North Pacific. In order to characterized this transport we have collected a series of weekly aerosol samples and total deposition samples from Sapporo and other sites in Japan since 1990. Marine aerosol samples were also collected on a daily basis using the board of research vessels in the Pacific. The samples were analyzed for non-sea-salt (nss) sulfate, nitrate, and beryllium-7 which is a natural radionuclide (53.3 day half-life) produced by cosmic rays in the upper atmosphere.A certain correlation among the atmospheric concentrations of the three species is found in the western North Pacific region. This relation does not imply that the sources of the nss sulfate and nitrate are the stratosphere, but it does suggest that anthropogenic nss sulfate and nitrate are brought down from the free troposphere to the marine boundary layr like the Asian dust particles.Compared with the deposition flux of atmospheric nitrogen of the 40-200 mumol per square meter per day over the Japan islands, the estimated flux of atmospheric nitrogen of 10-30 mumol per square meter per day in the North Pacific is rather small. However, sporadic events coupled with the long-range transport of the nitrogen species from the continents could have a significant impact on marine biological activities.

东亚有许多大污染源，其排放物可以在北太平洋的大片地区运输。为了描述这种迁移，我们自1990年以来在札幌和日本其他地点收集了一系列每周气溶胶样本和总沉积样本。此外，我们还利用在太平洋的考察船板每天收集海洋气溶胶样本。对样品进行了非海盐（nss）硫酸盐、硝酸盐和铍-7的分析。铍-7是宇宙射线在上层大气中产生的一种天然放射性核素（半衰期为53.3天）。在北太平洋西部地区，这三种物质的大气浓度之间存在一定的相关性。这种关系并不意味着硫酸盐和硝酸盐的来源是平流层，但它确实表明，与亚洲沙尘颗粒一样，硫酸盐和硝酸盐是由自由对流层降至海洋边界层的。与日本列岛上空40 ~ 200 μ mol / m2 / d的大气氮沉降通量相比，北太平洋10 ~ 30 μ mol / m2 / d的大气氮沉降通量估算值相当小。然而，零星事件加上来自大陆的氮物种的远距离运输可能对海洋生物活动产生重大影响。

项目成果

Uematsu, M., Sugita, T., Komai, N., and Minami, H.: "Determination of major anions in marine aerosols by ion chromatography" Proceedings of Hokkaido Tokai University , Science and Engineering. 8. 25-32 (1995)

Uematsu, M.、Sugita, T.、Komai, N. 和 Minami, H.：“通过离子色谱法测定海洋气溶胶中的主要阴离子”北海道东海大学学报，科学与工程。

Uematsu, M., Yamazaki, S., Minami, H., Yabe, K., and Kato Y.: "Determination of dissolved silicon in seawater by flow injection analysis" Proceedings of Hokkaido Tokai University, Science and Engineering. 8. 33-39 (1995)

Uematsu, M.、Yamazaki, S.、Minami, H.、Yabe, K. 和 Kato Y.：“通过流动注射分析测定海水中溶解的硅”北海道东海大学学报，科学与工程。

南 秀樹: "「海洋堆積物および間隙水中の砒素の定量" 北海道東海大学紀要(理工系). 8. 51-60 (1995)

南秀树：“海洋沉积物和孔隙水中砷的测定”北海道东海大学通报（科学技术学院）8. 51-60（1995）。

Uematsu, M., Duce, R., and Prospero, J.: "Atmospheric beryllium-7 concentrations over the Pacific ocean" Geophysical Research Letters. 21. 561-564 (1994)

Uematsu, M.、Duce, R. 和 Prospero, J.：“太平洋上空的大气铍 7 浓度”地球物理研究快报。

Kato, Y.: ""Remobilization of transition elements in pore water of continental slope sediments"in“Biogeochemical Processes and Ocean Fles in the Western Pacific"" edited by H. Sakai and Y. Nazaki, pp. 383-405, Terra Sceintific Pubilishing Co., Tokyo, 672

Kato, Y.：“西太平洋生物地球化学过程和海洋鱼类”中的“大陆坡沉积物孔隙水中的过渡元素的再活化”，由 H. Sakai 和 Y. Nazaki 编辑，第 383-405 页，Terra Science出版公司，东京，672